more than once

sĕmĕl, adv. num. [root sam-, one; Sanscr. sa-, sam-, with, together; Gr. hama, hapax; cf.: sem-per, sim-ilis, sim-plex, sin-gulus, etc.].

Lit., once, a single time: ter sub armis malim vitam cernere, Quam semel modo parere, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 81 Müll.; and ap. Non. 261, 9 (Trag. v. 298 Vahl.); so,

potin' ut semel modo huc respicias?

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 30:

satis sum semel deceptus,

id. Capt. 3, 5, 99:

semel fugiendi si data est occasio, Satis est,

id. ib. 1, 2, 8; so,

semel si,

id. As. 1, 3, 66 (but cf.: si semel, infra, II. B. 2 fin.):

qui vel semel ita est usus oculis, ut vera cerneret, is, etc.,

Cic. Div. 2, 52, 107:

ut attendant, semel bisne signum canat in castris,

Liv. 27, 47, 3:

semel in mense sulcos sarrito,

Cato, R. R. 43, 2:

semel die,

Cels. 1, 3 fin.:

in diebus,

Col. 12, 30, 1:

semel anno,

Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 58:

in anno,

id. 4, 12, 26, § 89:

quem (Crassum) semel ait in vitā risisse Lucilius,

Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 92; so,

semel in vitā,

Plin. 7, 13, 11, § 58:

semel adhuc,

id. 2, 25, 22, § 90:

semel umquam,

id. 2, 35, 35, § 100 et saep.:

M. Valerius Corvinus sellā curuli semel ac vicies sedit,

id. 7, 48, 49, § 157;

for which also: vicies et semel,

id. 2, 108, 102, § 243: sol omni terrarum ambitu non semel major, not greater by once, i. e. not as large again, not twice as large, Sen. Q. N. 6, 16:

haud semel sed centies,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 148; cf. id. As. 2, 4, 15:

non semel, sed bis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 77, § 179; Val. Max. 1, 8, 4:

non semel, sed saepe,

Cic. Att. 1, 19, 7; id. Tusc. 5, 19, 56:

non semel sed saepius,

id. Phil. 2, 21, 52; id. N. D. 1, 40, 113; Nep. Epam. 7, 2; Lact. 3, 17, 12; Aug. Ep. 43, 15; 102, 7:

non plus quam semel eloqui,

Cic. Off. 3, 15, 61; Vell. 2, 40, 4; also without quam: plus semel, more than once, Varr. ap. Plin. 14, 14, 17, § 96: Janum Quirinum semel atque iterum clausum, once and again, i. e. twice, Suet. Aug. 22 (for which:

Janus bis clausus,

Liv. 1, 19; Flor. 4, 12, 64; cf. also Plut. Num. 20); Suet. Aug. 27; but also in a more gen. sense: pecuniam semel atque iterum dare coacti sunt, time and again, i. e. repeatedly, Cic. Font. 12, 26 (8, 16):

hoc semel ille iterumque neglexit,

id. Div. 1, 25, 54; cf.:

cum his Aeduos semel atque iterum armis contendisse,

Caes. B.G. 1, 31; Liv. 27, 16 fin.; so too Suet. Claud. 46;

for which: semel iterumque,

Petr. 34, 9; 115, 12:

Piso saepe dicebat, minus saepe Pomponius, raro Carbo, semel aut iterum Philippus,

only once or twice, Cic. Brut. 90, 308; Sen. Contr. 1, 7, 12:

semel et saepius,

Cic. Phil. 14, 8, 22; Varr. L. L. 10, § 33 Müll.; cf.:

an quod semel jus est, idem et saepius?

Quint. 7, 8, 3.—Late Lat.:

semel et bis,

repeatedly, Vulg. Phil. 4, 16; Greg. M. Ep. 5, 18 fin. —

Transf.

Pregn., like the Gr. hapax, of that which occurs no more than [p. 1664] once, but once, but a single time, once for all:

cum facile orari, Caesar, tum semel exorari soles,

Cic. Deiot. 3, 9:

quibus semel ignotum a te esse oportet,

id. ib. 14, 39:

hostis est datus, cum quo dimicantes aut vitam semel aut ignominiam finirent,

Liv. 25, 6:

totas semel absorbere placentas,

to swallow entire cakes at once, Hor. S. 2, 8, 24:

procubuit moriens et humum semel ore momordit,

once for all, Verg. A. 11, 418; cf.: nulla reparabilis arte Laesa pudicitia est;

deperit illa semel,

Ov. H. 5, 104:

semel aeternā nocte premenda fui,

id. ib. 10, 112:

nobis vero homicidio semel interdicto,

once for all, Tert. Apol. 9:

sic et semel Christus oblatus est,

Vulg. Heb. 9, 28; id. 1 Pet. 3, 18:

quoniam se semel a caeli contemplatione averterunt,

Lact. 6, 1, 7;

hence in Florus: semel in perpetuum,

Flor. 2, 12, 2:

semel et in perpetuum,

id. 3, 6, 7.—Of speech, at once, once for all, in a word, briefly:

cum postulasset, ut sibi fundus, cujus emptor erat, semel indicaretur,

Cic. Off. 3, 15, 62 (for which, just before:

non plus quam semel): interim, quod pluribus collegit adversarius, satis est semel proponere,

Quint. 5, 13, 14; cf.:

ut semel, plura complectar,

id. 11, 1, 66; 1, 2, 24; 2, 15, 34:

ut semel dicam,

id. 10, 1, 17:

ut, quod sentio, semel finiam,

id. 5, 13, 3; cf.:

quisquam denique, ut semel finiam, in lite cantat?

id. 11, 3, 59; so (after denique) id. 10, 3, 22.—

In a succession = primum, primo, the first time, first:

demonstravimus, L. Vibullium Rufum bis in potestatem pervenisse Caesaris, semel ad Corfinium, iterum in Hispaniā,

Caes. B. C. 3, 10; so after bis, with iterum, Liv. 1, 19, 3; Suet. Caes. 36; id. Aug. 25; id. tib. 6 Oud.; 72; id. Claud. 6; after ter, with iterum and tertio, Liv. 23, 9, 11.—Without iterum, etc.:

cum ad idem, unde semel profecta sunt, cuncta astra redierint,

Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24; cf.:

uti exorta est semel,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118.—

In gen., like primum, to denote the simple antecedence of an occurrence; hence, most freq. with the particles ut, ubi, quando, cum, si, etc., once, ever, at some time, at any time:

quod semel dixi, haud mutabo,

what I have once said, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 85:

quod Complacitum est semel,

id. Am. prol. 106:

satis sum semel deceptus,

id. Capt. 3, 5, 99:

verebamini, ne non id facerem quod recepissem semel?

Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 9:

nec accidere, ut quisquam te timere incipiat eorum, qui semel a te sint liberati timore,

Cic. Deiot. 14, 39:

in id, quod semel invasit, incumbit,

Quint. 2, 12, 2:

retrahi nequitum, quoquo progressa est semel, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Fest. s. v. nequitum, p. 162 Müll.—So too in the comically formed proper name: Quodsemelarripides,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 6, 23.—With particles; with ut:

in hasce aedes pedem Nemo intro tetulit, semel ut emigravimus,

Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 40:

ut occepi semel,

id. Am. 3, 1, 13:

ut semel eloquentia evecta est,

Cic. Brut. 13, 51:

ut semel gloriam consecutus sum,

id. Att. 1, 19, 6; Caes. B. G. 1, 31:

denique ut semel finiam,

Quint. 9, 4, 138.—With ubi:

ubi erit accubitum semel,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 105:

ubi animus semel cupiditate se devinxit malā,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 34; 2, 4, 12; Liv. 22, 2.—With quandoquidem:

perge, quandoquidem occepisti semel,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 34.—With quando:

quando in apertum semel discrimen evasura esset res,

Liv. 10, 14, 8.—With cum:

quae proclivius ad perniciem, cum semel coepit, labitur,

Cic. Lael. 12, 41.—With quoniam:

(Antonius) quoniam semel induxit animum, sibi licere quod vellet, etc.,

Cic. Att. 14, 13, 6;

Ov H. 12, 11: illam partem, quoniam semel ita vobis placuit, non recusabo quominus perpoliam,

Cic. de Or 2, 28, 121; id. Rosc. Am. 11, 31; id. Phil. 12, 7, 18; Liv. 40, 13, 7.—With si:

si semel amoris peculum accepit, Extemplo et ipsus periit et res,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 22; so,

si semel,

id. Mil. 3, 3, 42:

si istam semel amiseris libertatem,

id. ib. 3, 1, 106 Brix ad loc.; Ov. M. 13, 101:

si illum semel prehendero,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 1, 6:

si semel animum tuom perspexerit,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 69:

et semel emissum volat inrevocabile verbam,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 71 (but, semel si, if once, if ever, whenever, as an emphatic numeral, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66; id. Capt. 1, 2, 8; v. supra, I. init.).—With participles (several times in Liv. and Quint.): ut adversando remorandoque incitato semel militi adderent impetum, Liv. 2, 45, 7; so id. 5, 6, 8; 25, 6, 15; Quint. 4, 2, 115; 7, 10, 9; 10, 7, 24 al.

* * *

simplex, ĭcis (abl., regul. simplici;

simplice,

Lucr. 1, 1013), adj. [sim-; cf. Sanscr. sam, Gr. hama, with Lat. sin-guli, semel, sem-per; and plico].

In gen., simple, plain, uncompounded, unmixed, = haplous (cf.:

sincerus, purus): aut simplex est natura animantis, ut vel terrena sit, vel ignea, etc.... aut concreta est ex pluribus naturis,

Cic. N. D. 3, 14, 34:

natura (opp. mixta, conexa, etc.),

Lucr. 3, 231; Cic. N. D. 2, 11, 29; id. Sen. 21, 78:

si unum ac simplex (genus inperii) probandum sit, regium probem,

id. Rep. 1, 35, 54; cf. id. ib. 2, 23, 43:

finis bonorum, qui simplex esse debet, ex dissimillimis rebus misceri et temperari potest,

id. Off. 3, 33, 119:

(comoedia) Duplex quae ex argumento facta'st simplici,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 6:

(auditus) iter simplex et directum (opp. flexuosum),

Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144:

simplex est manere, illud (in Hispaniam ire) anceps,

free from risk, id. Att. 12, 7, 1:

unum est et simplex aurium judicium,

free from complication, id. Font. 10, 22 (6, 12):

necessitudines,

unqualified, absolute, id. Inv. 2, 57, 171; cf.:

simplex officium atque una est bonorum omnium causa,

id. Sull. 3, 9:

nihil simplici in genere omnibus ex partibus perfectum natura expolivit,

id. Inv. 2, 1, 3:

res aperta ac simplex,

id. Caecin. 2, 5:

ratio veritatis,

id. de Or. 1, 53, 229; Quint. 8, 3, 87:

decem regii lembi simplici ordine intrarunt urbem,

i. e. one by one, Liv. 44, 12, 6; Tac. H. 5, 23; cf.: simplici directā acie, simplicibus ordinibus, single, Auct. B. Alex. 37, 3 sq.:

acies,

id. B. Afr. 13, 2:

simplex acies media, cornibus duplex,

id. ib. 59, 2:

simplici caule,

Plin. 25, 7, 36, § 74: cum in eo ne simplici quidem genere mortis contenti inimici fuissent, i. e. not with his simple death, but must have torture, Liv. 40, 24, 8:

qui necem suam per venenum inimicis promiserat, non gravius quam simplici morte puniit,

Suet. Caes. 74:

qui proculcari nepotem, quam simplici morte interfici maluit,

Just. 44, 4, 4 al.:

nec via mortis erat simplex,

they died in various ways, Verg. G. 3, 482; cf.:

ne simplici quidem morte moriebantur, Sall. ap. Serv. ad Verg. l. l. (H. 3, 25 Dietsch ad loc.): nec modus inserere atque oculos inponere simplex,

Verg. G. 2, 73:

vulnus,

Ov. M. 6, 254:

(tibia) tenuis simplexque foramine pauco,

Hor. A. P. 203:

simplici myrto nihil allabores,

id. C. 1, 38, 5:

esca,

id. S. 2, 2, 73:

jus,

id. ib. 2, 4, 64:

cibus,

Plin. 11, 53, 117, § 282:

aqua,

Ov. Am. 2, 6, 32; Tac. G. 23:

arces dejecit plus vice simplici,

more than once, Hor. C. 4, 14, 13:

verba,

uncompounded, Quint. 1, 5, 3:

voces,

id. 1, 5, 65; but: ornatus verborum duplex, unus simplicium, alius conlocatorum, single, Cic. Or. 24, 80; cf.:

quaedam sunt in rebus simplicia, quaedam complicata,

id. Fat. 13, 30.— Comp.:

quantitas simplicior,

Quint. 11, 3, 15.— Sup.:

ex simplicissimā quāque materiā (opp. multiplex),

Quint. 10, 5, 10:

res,

id. 10, 2, 10.—

In partic., simple in a moral sense, without dissimulation, open, frank, straightforward, direct, guileless, artless, honest, sincere, ingenuous, etc. (cf. candidus).—Of persons:

cum de viro bono quaeritur, quem apertum et simplicem volumus esse, non sunt in disputando vafri, non veteratores, non malitiosi,

Cic. Rep. 3, 16, 26; id. Off. 1, 19, 63:

simplicem et communem et consentientem... eligi par est (opp. multiplex ingenium et tortuosum),

id. Lael. 18, 65; id. Ac. 2, 35, 112:

tuum hominis simplicis pectus vidimus,

id. Phil. 2, 43, 111; Liv. 24, 10; Hor. S. 1, 3, 52; 2, 2, 68; id. C. 2, 8, 14; Ov. H. 12, 90; 16, 285:

credebant simplices ac religiosi homines,

Liv. 24, 10, 6.—Of things:

fidelis et simplex et fautrix suorum regio,

Cic. Planc. 9, 22:

animal sine fraude dolisque, Innocuum, simplex,

Ov. M. 15, 121: animus, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:

nihil simplex, nihil sincerum,

Cic. Att. 10, 6, 2:

virtus,

Vell. 2, 129, 1:

verba,

Suet. Tib. 61:

cogitationes,

Tac. G. 22.— Comp.:

simplicior quis,

too straightforward, too blunt, Hor. S. 1, 3, 63.— Sup.:

simplicissimi omnium habentur iracundi,

Sen. Ira, 2, 16, 3:

dux,

Vell. 2, 116, 4:

mens,

Petr. 101, 3.—Hence, adv.: simplĭcĭter (acc. to I.), simply, plainly, straightforwardly, naturally, directly, utterly, without reserve, = haplôs:

quorum (verborum) primum nobis ratio simpliciter videnda est, deinde conjuncte,

Cic. de Or. 3, 37, 149:

quaedam genera causarum simpliciter ex suā vi considerantur,

id. Inv. 2, 33, 102:

ipsa inventa exponentur simpliciter sine ullā exornatione,

id. ib. 2, 3, 11:

locuti sunt simpliciter et splendide,

id. de Or. 2, 16, 68:

aut simpliciter quaeritur aut comparate,

id. Top. 22, 84:

si est simpliciter breviterque dicendum,

id. Off. 2, 9, 31; so (with breviter) id. Arch. 12, 32:

illud nomen simpliciter positum, hoc ad aliquid esse,

Quint. 1, 6, 13:

frondes Simpliciter positae, scaena sine arte fuit,

Ov. A. A. 1, 106; Tac. G. 5; cf. comp.:

brevius ac simplicius tradi,

Quint. 8, prooem. §

1: ignorare se dixit, quidnam perplexi sua legatio haberet, cum simpliciter ad amicitiam petendam venissent,

simply, purely, only, Liv. 34, 57, 6:

quidam ludere eum simpliciter, quidam haud dubie insanire, aiebant,

merely, only, id. 41, 20, 4:

Cyrenaica philosophia, quam ille et ejus posteri simpliciter defenderunt,

Cic. de Or. 3, 17, 62:

in sententiā simpliciter e re publicā ferendā,

id. Red. ad Quir. 10, 24 B. and K.— Comp.:

molluscum simplicius sparsum,

Plin. 16, 16, 27, § 68.—

(Acc. to II.) Plainly, openly, frankly, artlessly, ingenuously, uprightly, honestly, candidly: simpliciter et candide, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 1:

simpliciter scripserat quae sentiebat,

Curt. 7, 2, 36:

simpliciter et libere (opp. dissimulanter et furtim),

Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 2:

simpliciter et palam lusit,

Suet. Aug. 71:

me amice simpliciterque reprehenderent,

Plin. Ep. 5, 3, 1:

qui se simpliciter credunt amicis,

id. ib. 6, 22, 1.— Comp.:

simultates simplicius nutrire (opp. callide),

Tac. H. 3, 53 fin.:

quo simplicius tibi confitebor,

Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 1; Quint. 1, 13, 2; Tac. H. 3, 53. — Sup.:

simplicissime loqui,

Tac. H. 1, 15 fin. —

In the singular number:

dicere,

Hier. in Matt. 1, 2 fin.

ăb, ā, abs, prep. with abl. This IndoEuropean particle (Sanscr. apa or ava, Etr. av, Gr. upo, Goth. af, Old Germ. aba, New Germ. ab, Engl. of, off) has in Latin the following forms: ap, af, ab (av), au-, a, a; aps, abs, as-. The existence of the oldest form, ap, is proved by the oldest and best MSS. analogous to the prep. apud, the Sanscr. api, and Gr. epi, and by the weakened form af, which, by the rule of historical grammar and the nature of the Latin letter f, can be derived only from ap, not from ab. The form af, weakened from ap, also very soon became obsolete. There are but five examples of it in inscriptions, at the end of the sixth and in the course of the seventh century B. C., viz.:

AF VOBEIS,

Inscr. Orell. 3114;

AF MVRO,

ib. 6601;

AF CAPVA,

ib. 3308;

AF SOLO,

ib. 589;

AF LYCO,

ib. 3036 ( afuolunt =avolant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Mull., is only a conjecture). In the time of Cicero this form was regarded as archaic, and only here and there used in account-books; v. Cic. Or. 47, 158 (where the correct reading is af, not abs or ab), and cf. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 7 sq.—The second form of this preposition, changed from ap, was ab, which has become the principal form and the one most generally used through all periods—and indeed the only oue used before all vowels and h; here and there also before some consonants, particularly l, n, r, and s; rarely before c, j, d, t; and almost never before the labials p, b, f, v, or before m, such examples as ab Massiliensibus, Caes. B. C. 1, 35, being of the most rare occurrence.—By changing the b of ab through v into u, the form au originated, which was in use only in the two compounds aufero and aufugio for abfero, ab-fugio; aufuisse for afuisse, in Cod. Medic. of Tac. A. 12, 17, is altogether unusual. Finally, by dropping the b of ab, and lengthening the a, ab was changed into a, which form, together with ab, predominated through all periods of the Latin language, and took its place before all consonants in the later years of Cicero, and after him almoet exclusively.—By dropping the b without lengthening the a, ab occurs in the form a- in the two compounds a-bio and a-perio, q. v.—On the other hand, instead of reducing ap to a and a, a strengthened collateral form, aps, was made by adding to ap the letter s (also used in particles, as in ex, mox, vix). From the first, aps was used only before the letters c, q, t, and was very soon changed into abs (as ap into ab):

abs chorago,

Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 79 (159 Ritschl):

abs quivis,

Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 1:

abs terra,

Cato, R. R. 51;

and in compounds: aps-cessero,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 24 (625 R.); id. ib. 3, 2, 84 (710 R): abs-condo, abs-que, abs-tineo, etc. The use of abs was confined almost exclusively to the combination abs te during the whole ante-classic period, and with Cicero till about the year 700 A. U. C. (=B. C. 54). After that time Cicero evidently hesitates between abs te and a te, but during the last five or six years of his life a te became predominant in all his writings, even in his letters; consequently abs te appears but rarely in later authors, as in Liv. 10, 19, 8; 26, 15, 12;

and who, perhaps, also used abs conscendentibus,

id. 28, 37, 2; v. Drakenb. ad. h. l. (Weissenb. ab).—Finally abs, in consequence of the following p, lost its b, and became ds- in the three compounds aspello, as-porto, and as-pernor (for asspernor); v. these words.—The late Lat. verb abbrevio may stand for adbrevio, the d of ad being assimilated to the following b.The fundamental signification of ab is departure from some fixed point (opp. to ad. which denotes motion to a point).

In space, and,

Fig., in time and other relations, in which the idea of departure from some point, as from source and origin, is included; Engl. from, away from, out of; down from; since, after; by, at, in, on, etc.

Lit., in space: ab classe ad urbem tendunt, Att. ap. Non. 495, 22 (Trag. Rel. p. 177 Rib.):

Caesar maturat ab urbe proficisci,

Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

fuga ab urbe turpissima,

Cic. Att. 7, 21:

ducite ab urbe domum, ducite Daphnim,

Verg. E. 8, 68. Cicero himself gives the difference between ab and ex thus: si qui mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus extra meum fundum et me introire prohibuerit, non ex eo, sed ab ( from, away from) eo loco me dejecerit....Unde dejecti Galli? A Capitolio. Unde, qui cum Graccho fucrunt? Ex Capitolio, etc., Cic. Caecin. 30, 87; cf. Diom. p. 408 P., and a similar distinction between ad and in under ad.—Ellipt.: Diogenes Alexandro roganti, ut diceret, si quid opus esset: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92. —Often joined with usque:

illam (mulierem) usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,

all the way from, Cic. Clu. 68, 192; v. usque, I.—And with ad, to denote the space passed over: siderum genus ab ortu ad occasum commeant, from... to, Cic. N. D. 2, 19 init.; cf. ab... in:

venti a laevo latere in dextrum, ut sol, ambiunt,

Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128.

Sometimes with names of cities and small islands, or with domus (instead of the usual abl.), partie., in militnry and nautieal language, to denote the marching of soldiers, the setting out of a flcet, or the departure of the inhabitants from some place:

oppidum ab Aenea fugiente a Troja conditum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33:

quemadmodum (Caesar) a Gergovia discederet,

Caes. B. G. 7, 43 fin.; so id. ib. 7, 80 fin.; Sall. J. 61; 82; 91; Liv. 2, 33, 6 al.; cf.:

ab Arimino M. Antonium cum cohortibus quinque Arretium mittit,

Caes. B. C. 1, 11 fin.; and:

protinus a Corfinio in Siciliam miserat,

id. ib. 1, 25, 2:

profecti a domo,

Liv. 40, 33, 2;

of setting sail: cum exercitus vestri numquam a Brundisio nisi hieme summa transmiserint,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 32; so id. Fam. 15, 3, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 23; 3, 24 fin.:

classe qua advecti ab domo fuerant,

Liv. 8, 22, 6;

of citizens: interim ab Roma legatos venisse nuntiatum est,

Liv. 21, 9, 3; cf.:

legati ab Orico ad M. Valerium praetorem venerunt,

id. 24, 40, 2.

Sometimes with names of persons or with pronouns: pestem abige a me, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 50 Vahl.):

Quasi ad adulescentem a patre ex Seleucia veniat,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; cf.:

libertus a Fuflis cum litteris ad Hermippum venit,

Cic. Fl. 20, 47:

Nigidium a Domitio Capuam venisse,

id. Att. 7, 24:

cum a vobis discessero,

id. Sen. 22:

multa merces tibi defluat ab Jove Neptunoque,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 29 al. So often of a person instead of his house, lodging, etc.: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, from the father, i. e. from his house, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 6:

so a fratre,

id. Phorm. 5, 1, 5:

a Pontio,

Cic. Att. 5, 3 fin.:

ab ea,

Ter. And. 1, 3, 21; and so often: a me, a nobis, a se, etc., from my, our, his house, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 1, 7; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 50; Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1 al.

Transf., without the idea of motion. To designate separation or distance, with the verbs abesse, distare, etc., and with the particles longe, procul, prope, etc.

Of separation:

ego te afuisse tam diu a nobis dolui,

Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 2:

abesse a domo paulisper maluit,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:

tum Brutus ab Roma aberat,

Sall. C. 40, 5:

absint lacerti ab stabulis,

Verg. G. 4, 14.—

Of distance:

quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,

Cic. Caecin. 10, 28; cf.:

nos in castra properabamus, quae aberant bidui,

id. Att. 5, 16 fin.; and:

hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 43, 1:

terrae ab hujusce terrae, quam nos incolimus, continuatione distantes,

Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164:

non amplius pedum milibus duobus ab castris castra distabant,

Caes. B. C. 1, 82, 3; cf. id. lb. 1, 3, 103.—With adverbs: annos multos longinque ab domo bellum gerentes, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 103 Vahl.):

cum domus patris a foro longe abesset,

Cic. Cael. 7, 18 fin.; cf.:

qui fontes a quibusdam praesidiis aberant longius,

Caes. B. C. 3, 49, 5:

quae procul erant a conspectu imperii,

Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87; cf.:

procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt,

Caes. B. G. 5, 17, 1; and:

tu procul a patria Alpinas nives vides,

Verg. E. 10, 46 (procul often also with simple abl.;

v. procul): cum esset in Italia bellum tam prope a Sicilia, tamen in Sicilia non fuit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6; cf.:

tu apud socrum tuam prope a meis aedibus sedebas,

id. Pis. 11, 26; and:

tam prope ab domo detineri,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 6.—So in Caesar and Livy, with numerals to designate the measure of the distance:

onerariae naves, quae ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo vento tenebatur,

eight miles distant, Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 4; and without mentioning the terminus a quo: ad castra contenderunt, et ab milibus passunm minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off or distant, id. ib. 2, 7, 3; so id. ib. 2, 5, 32; 6, 7, 3; id. B. C. 1, 65; Liv. 38, 20, 2 (for which:

duo milia fere et quingentos passus ab hoste posuerunt castra,

id. 37, 38, 5). —

To denote the side or direction from which an object is viewed in its local relations,=a parte, at, on, in: utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus? Enn. ap. Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (Trag. v. 38 Vahl.); cf.:

picus et cornix ab laeva, corvos, parra ab dextera consuadent,

Plaut. As. 2, 1, 12: clamore ab ea parte audito. on this side, Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 4: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, id. ib. 1, 1, 5:

pleraque Alpium ab Italia sicut breviora ita arrectiora sunt,

on the Italian side, Liv. 21, 35, 11:

non eadem diligentia ab decumuna porta castra munita,

at the main entrance, Caes. B. G. 3, 25 fin.:

erat a septentrionibus collis,

on the north, id. ib. 7, 83, 2; so, ab oriente, a meridie, ab occasu; a fronte, a latere, a tergo, etc. (v. these words).

Fig.

In time.

From a [p. 3] point of time, without reference to the period subsequently elapsed. After:

Exul ab octava Marius bibit,

Juv. 1,40:

mulieres jam ab re divin[adot ] adparebunt domi,

immediately after the sucrifice, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 4:

Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus,

Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:

ab hac contione legati missi sunt,

immediately after, Liv. 24, 22, 6; cf. id. 28, 33, 1; 40, 47, 8; 40, 49, 1 al.:

ab eo magistratu,

after this office, Sall. J. 63, 5:

a summa spe novissima exspectabat,

after the greatest hope, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin. —Strengthened by the adverbs primum, confestim, statim, protinus, or the adj. recens, immediately after, soon after:

ut primum a tuo digressu Romam veni,

Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4; so Suet. Tib. 68:

confestim a proelio expugnatis hostium castris,

Liv. 30, 36, 1:

statim a funere,

Suet. Caes. 85;

and followed by statim: ab itinere statim,

id. ib. 60:

protinus ab adoptione,

Vell. 2, 104, 3:

Homerus qui recens ab illorum actate fuit,

soon after their time, Cic. N. D. 3, 5; so Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 2; Verg. A. 6, 450 al. (v. also primum, confestim, etc.).—

Sometimes with the name of a person or place, instead of an action: ibi mihi tuae litterae binae redditae sunt tertio abs te die,

i. e. after their departure from you, Cic. Att. 5, 3, 1: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine Nov[adot ], i. e. after leaving (=postquam a Carthagine profecti sunt), Liv. 21, 38, 1:

secundo Punico (bello) Scipionis classis XL. die a securi navigavit,

i. e. after its having been built, Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192. —Hence the poct. expression: ab his, after this (cf. ek toutôn), i. e. after these words, hereupon, Ov. M. 3, 273; 4, 329; 8, 612; 9, 764.

With reference to a subsequent period. From, since, after:

ab hora tertia bibebatur,

from the third hour, Cic. Phil. 2, 41:

infinito ex tempore, non ut antea, ab Sulla et Pompeio consulibus,

since the consulship of, id. Agr. 2, 21, 56:

vixit ab omni aeternitate,

from all eternity, id. Div. 1, 51, 115:

cum quo a condiscipulatu vivebat conjunctissime,

Nep. Att. 5, 3:

in Lycia semper a terrae motu XL. dies serenos esse,

after an earthquake, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211 al.:

centesima lux est haec ab interitu P. Clodii,

since the death of, Cic. Mil. 35, 98; cf.:

cujus a morte quintus hic et tricesimus annus est,

id. Sen. 6, 19; and:

ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumiun annum,

since, Sall. C. 47, 2:

diebus triginta, a qua die materia caesa est,

Caes. B. C. 1, 36.—Sometimes joined with usque and inde:

quod augures omnes usque ab Romulo decreverunt,

since the time of, Cic. Vat. 8, 20:

jam inde ab infelici pugna ceciderant animi,

from the very beginning of, Liv. 2, 65 fin. —Hence the adverbial expressions ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first; v. initium, principium, primus. Likewise ab integro, anew, afresh; v. integer.—Ab... ad, from (a time)... to:

ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,

Cic. Att. 7, 8, 4; cf.:

cum ab hora septima ad vesperum pugnatum sit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 2; and:

a quo tempore ad vos consules anni sunt septingenti octoginta unus,

Vell. 1, 8, 4; and so in Plautus strengthened by usque:

pugnata pugnast usque a mane ad vesperum,

from morning to evening, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97; id. Most. 3, 1, 3; 3, 2, 80.—Rarely ab... in: Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie, from... till late in the day, Liv. 27, 2, 9; so Col. 2, 10, 17; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 2, 103, 106, § 229; 4, 12, 26, § 89.

Particularly with nouns denoting a time of life:

qui homo cum animo inde ab ineunte aetate depugnat suo,

from an early age, from early youth, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 24; so Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44 al.:

mihi magna cum co jam inde a pueritia fuit semper famillaritas,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9; so,

a pueritia,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27 fin.; id. Fam. 5, 8, 4:

jam inde ab adulescentia,

Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 16:

ab adulescentia,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1:

jam a prima adulescentia,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:

ab ineunte adulescentia,

id. ib. 13, 21, 1; cf.

followed by ad: usque ad hanc aetatem ab incunte adulescentia,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 20:

a primis temporibus aetatis,

Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:

a teneris unguiculis,

from childhood, id. ib. 1, 6, 2:

usque a toga pura,

id. Att. 7, 8, 5:

jam inde ab incunabulis,

Liv. 4, 36, 5:

a prima lanugine,

Suet. Oth. 12:

viridi ab aevo,

Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 17 al.;

rarely of animals: ab infantia,

Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 182.—Instead of the nom. abstr. very often (like the Greek ek paioôn, etc.) with concrete substantives: a pucro, ab adulescente, a parvis, etc., from childhood, etc.:

qui olim a puero parvulo mihi paedagogus fuerat,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 90; so,

a pausillo puero,

id. Stich. 1, 3, 21:

a puero,

Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 115; id. Fam. 13, 16, 4 (twice) al.:

a pueris,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2 al.:

ab adulescente,

id. Quint. 3, 12:

ab infante,

Col. 1, 8, 2:

a parva virgine,

Cat. 66, 26 al. —Likewise and in the same sense with adject.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, Liv. 1, 39, 6 fin.; cf.:

a parvis,

Ter. And. 3, 3, 7; Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9:

a parvulo,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 8; id. Ad. 1, 1, 23; cf.:

ab parvulis,

Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 3:

ab tenero,

Col. 5, 6, 20;

and rarely of animals: (vacca) a bima aut trima fructum ferre incipit,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 13.

In other relations in which the idea of going forth, proceeding, from something is included.

In gen. to denote departure, separation, deterring, avoiding, intermitting, etc., or distance, difference, etc., of inanimate or abstract things. From: jus atque aecum se a malis spernit procul, Enn. ap. Non. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):

suspitionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42:

qui discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18:

hic ab artificio suo non recessit,

id. ib. 1, 10, 20 al.:

quod si exquiratur usque ab stirpe auctoritas,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 180:

condicionem quam ab te peto,

id. ib. 2, 4, 87; cf.:

mercedem gloriae flagitas ab iis, quorum, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

si quid ab illo acceperis,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 90:

quae (i. e. antiquitas) quo propius aberat ab ortu et divina progenie,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:

ab defensione desistere,

Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 4:

ne quod tempus ab opere intermitteretur,

id. B. G. 7, 24, 2:

ut homines adulescentis a dicendi studio deterream,

Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117, etc.—Of distance (in order, rank, mind, or feeling):

qui quartus ab Arcesila fuit,

the fourth in succession from, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 46:

tu nunc eris alter ab illo,

next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49; cf.:

Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus,

next in rank to, Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:

quid hoc ab illo differt,

from, Cic. Caecin. 14, 39; cf.:

hominum vita tantum distat a victu et cultu bestiarum,

id. Off. 2, 4, 15; and:

discrepare ab aequitate sapientiam,

id. Rep. 3, 9 fin. (v. the verbs differo, disto, discrepo, dissideo, dissentio, etc.):

quae non aliena esse ducerem a dignitate,

Cic. Fam. 4, 7:

alieno a te animo fuit,

id. Deiot. 9, 24 (v. alienus). —So the expression ab re (qs. aside from the matter, profit; cf. the opposite, in rem), contrary to one's profit, to a loss, disadvantageous (so in the affirmative very rare and only ante-class.):

subdole ab re consulit,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12; cf. id. Capt. 2, 2, 88; more frequently and class. (but not with Cicero) in the negative, non, haud, ab re, not without advantage or profit, not useless or unprofitable, adcantageous:

haut est ab re aucupis,

Plaut. As. 1, 3, 71:

non ab re esse Quinctii visum est,

Liv. 35, 32, 6; so Plin. 27, 8, 35; 31, 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Dom. 11; Gell. 18, 14 fin.; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 31, 22 al. (but in Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44, ab re means with respect to the money matter).

In partic.

To denote an agent from whom an action proceeds, or by whom a thing is done or takes place. By, and in archaic and solemn style, of. So most frequently with pass. or intrans. verbs with pass. signif., when the active object is or is considered as a living being: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro, Naev. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 67: injuria abs te afficior, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:

a patre deductus ad Scaevolam,

Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

ut tamquam a praesentibus coram haberi sermo videretur,

id. ib. 1, 3:

disputata ab eo,

id. ib. 1, 4 al.:

illa (i. e. numerorum ac vocum vis) maxime a Graecia vetere celebrata,

id. de Or. 3, 51, 197:

ita generati a natura sumus,

id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.:

pars mundi damnata a rerum natura,

Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 88:

niagna adhibita cura est a providentia deorum,

Cic. N. D. 2, 51 al. —With intrans. verbs:

quae (i. e. anima) calescit ab eo spiritu,

is warmed by this breath, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; cf. Ov. M. 1, 417: (mare) qua a sole collucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105:

salvebis a meo Cicerone,

i. e. young Cicero sends his compliments to you, id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:

a quibus (Atheniensibus) erat profectus,

i. e. by whose command, Nep. Milt. 2, 3:

ne vir ab hoste cadat,

Ov. H. 9, 36 al. —A substantive or adjective often takes the place of the verb (so with de, q. v.):

levior est plaga ab amico quam a debitore,

Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7; cf.:

a bestiis ictus, morsus, impetus,

id. Off. 2, 6, 19:

si calor est a sole,

id. N. D. 2, 52:

ex iis a te verbis (for a te scriptis),

id. Att. 16, 7, 5:

metu poenae a Romanis,

Liv. 32, 23, 9:

bellum ingens a Volscis et Aequis,

id. 3, 22, 2:

ad exsolvendam fldem a consule,

id. 27, 5, 6.—With an adj.:

lassus ab equo indomito,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 10:

Murus ab ingenic notior ille tuo,

Prop. 5, 1, 126:

tempus a nostris triste malis,

time made sad by our misfortunes, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 36.—Different from per:

vulgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus?

by whom and upon whose orders? Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80 (cf. id. ib. 34, 97: cujus consilio occisus sit, invenio; cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro); so,

ab hoc destitutus per Thrasybulum (i. e. Thrasybulo auctore),

Nep. Alc. 5, 4.—Ambiguity sometimes arises from the fact that the verb in the pass. would require ab if used in the active:

si postulatur a populo,

if the people demand it, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58, might also mean, if it is required of the people; on the contrary: quod ab eo (Lucullo) laus imperatoria non admodum exspectabatur, not since he did not expect military renown, but since they did not expect military renown from him, Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2, and so often; cf. Rudd. II. p. 213. (The use of the active dative, or dative of the agent, instead of ab with the pass., is well known, Zumpt, § 419. It is very seldom found in prose writers of the golden age of Roman liter.; with Cic. sometimes joined with the participles auditus, cognitus, constitutus, perspectus, provisus, susceptus; cf. Halm ad Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 71, and ad ejusdem, Cat. 1, 7 fin.; but freq. at a later period; e. g. in Pliny, in Books 2-4 of H. N., more than twenty times; and likewise in Tacitus seventeen times. Vid. the passages in Nipperd. ad Tac. A. 2, 49.) Far more unusual is the simple abl. in the designation of persons:

deseror conjuge,

Ov. H. 12, 161; so id. ib. 5, 75; id. M. 1, 747; Verg. A. 1, 274; Hor. C. 2, 4, 9; 1, 6, 2;

and in prose,

Quint. 3, 4, 2; Sen. Contr. 2, 1; Curt. 6, 7, 8; cf. Rudd. II. p. 212; Zumpt ad Quint. V. p. 122 Spalding.—Hence the adverbial phrase a se=uph heautou, sua sponte, of one's own uccord, spontaneously:

ipsum a se oritur et sua sponte nascitur,

Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 78:

(urna) ab se cantat quoja sit,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 21 (al. eapse; cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 66); so Col. 11, 1, 5; Liv. 44, 33, 6.

With names of towns to denote origin, extraction, instead of gentile adjectives. From, of:

pastores a Pergamide,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 1:

Turnus ab Aricia,

Liv. 1, 50, 3 (for which Aricinus, id. 1, 51, 1):

obsides dant trecentos principum a Cora atque Pometia liberos,

Liv. 2, 22, 2; and poet.: O longa mundi servator ab Alba, Auguste, thou who art descended from the old Alban race of kings (=oriundus, or ortus regibus Albanis), Prop. 5, 6, 37.

In giving the etymology of a name: eam rem (sc. legem, Gr. nomon) illi Graeco putant nomine a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam, ego nostro a legendo, Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19: annum intervallum regni fuit: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, Liv. 1, 17, 6:

(sinus maris) ab nomine propinquae urbis Ambracius appellatus,

id. 38, 4, 3; and so Varro in his Ling. Lat., and Pliny, in Books 1-5 of H. N., on almost every page. (Cf. also the arts. ex and de.)

With verbs of beginning and repeating: a summo bibere, in Plaut. to drink in succession from the one at the head of the table:

da, puere, ab summo,

Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; so,

da ab Delphio cantharum circum, id Most. 1, 4, 33: ab eo nobis causa ordienda est potissimum,

Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21:

coepere a fame mala,

Liv. 4, 12, 7:

cornicem a cauda de ovo exire,

tail-foremost, Plin. 10, 16, 18:

a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,

Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18 al.

With verbs of freeing from, defending, or protecting against any thing:

a foliis et stercore purgato,

Cato, R. R. 65 (66), 1:

tantumne ab re tuast oti tibi?

Ter. Heaut. 1, [p. 4] 1, 23; cf.:

Saguntini ut a proeliis quietem habuerant,

Liv. 21, 11, 5:

expiandum forum ab illis nefarii sceleris vestigiis,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:

haec provincia non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis est defendenda,

id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14 (v. defendo):

ab incendio urbem vigiliis munitam intellegebat,

Sall. C. 32:

ut neque sustinere se a lapsu possent,

Liv. 21, 35, 12:

ut meam domum metueret atque a me ipso caveret,

Cic. Sest. 64, 133.

With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping, and the like, ab =a parte, as, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 4: cum eadem metuam ab hac parte, since I fear the same from this side; hence, timere, metuere ab aliquo, not, to be afraid of any one, but, to fear something (proceeding from) from him:

el metul a Chryside,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 79; cf.:

ab Hannibale metuens,

Liv. 23, 36; and:

metus a praetore,

id. 23, 15, 7;

v. Weissenb. ad h. l.: a quo quidem genere, judices, ego numquam timui,

Cic. Sull. 20, 59:

postquam nec ab Romanis robis ulla est spes,

you can expect nothing from the Romans, Liv. 21, 13, 4.

With verbs of fastening and holding:

funiculus a puppi religatus,

Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154:

cum sinistra capillum ejus a vertice teneret,

Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 3.

Ulcisci se ab aliquo, to take vengeance on one:

a ferro sanguis humanus se ulciscitur,

Plin. 34, 14, 41 fin.

Cognoscere ab aliqua re to knoio or learn by means of something (different from ab aliquo, to learn from some one):

id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse,

Caes. B. G. 1, 22.

Dolere, laborare, valere ab, instead of the simple abl.:

doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis, doleo ab aegritudine,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 62:

a morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 26; cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 9:

a frigore et aestu ne quid laborent,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 17; so,

a frigore laborantibus,

Plin. 32, 10, 46, § 133; cf.:

laborare ab re frumentaria,

Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1; id. B. C. 3, 9; v. laboro.

Where verbs and adjectives are joined with ab, instead of the simple abl., ab defines more exactly the respect in which that which is expressed by the verb or adj. is to be understood, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of:

ab ingenio improbus,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 59:

a me pudica'st,

id. Curc. 1, 1, 51:

orba ab optimatibus contio,

Cic. Fl. 23, 54; ro Ov. H. 6,156: securos vos ab hac parte reddemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24 fin. (v. securus):

locus copiosus a frumento,

Cic. Att. 5, 18, 2; cf.:

sumus imparati cum a militibas tum a pecunia,

id. ib. 7, 15 fin.:

ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,

id. Brut. 16, 63:

ab una parte haud satis prosperuin,

Liv. 1, 32, 2 al.;

so often in poets ab arte=arte,

artfully, Tib. 1, 5, 4; 1, 9, 66; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 30.

In the statement of the motive instead of ex, propter, or the simple abl. causae, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: ab singulari amore scribo, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B fin.:

linguam ab irrisu exserentem,

thrusting out the tongue in derision, Liv. 7, 10, 5:

ab honore,

id. 1, 8; so, ab ira, a spe, ab odio, v. Drak. ad Liv. 24, 30, 1: 26, 1, 3; cf. also Kritz and Fabri ad Sall. J. 31, 3, and Fabri ad Liv. 21, 36, 7.

Especially in the poets instead of the gen.:

ab illo injuria,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 129:

fulgor ab auro,

Lucr. 2, 5:

dulces a fontibus undae,

Verg. G. 2, 243.

In indicating a part of the whole, for the more usual ex, of, out of:

scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto,

Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:

nonnuill ab novissimis,

id. ib.; Cic. Sest. 65, 137; cf. id. ib. 59 fin.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).

In marking that from which any thing proceeds, and to which it belongs:

qui sunt ab ea disciplina,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 3, 7:

ab eo qui sunt,

id. Fin. 4, 3, 7:

nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt,

id. Mur. 30, 63 (in imitation of oi upo tinos).

To designate an office or dignity (with or without servus; so not freq. till after the Aug. period;

in Cic. only once): Pollex, servus a pedibus meus,

one of my couriers, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1; so,

a manu servus,

a secretary, Suet. Caes. 74: Narcissum ab eplstulis ( secretary) et Pallantem a rationibus ( accountant), id. Claud. 28; and so, ab actis, ab admissione, ab aegris, ab apotheca, ab argento, a balneis, a bibliotheca, a codicillis, a jumentis, a potione, etc. (v. these words and Inscr. Orell. vol. 3, Ind. xi. p. 181 sq.).

The use of ab before adverbs is for the most part peculiar to later Latinity:

a peregre,

Vitr. 5, 7 (6), 8:

a foris,

Plin. 17, 24, 37; Vulg. Gen, 7, 16; ib. Matt. 23, 27:

ab intus,

ib. ib. 7, 15:

ab invicem,

App. Herb. 112; Vulg. Matt. 25, 32; Cypr. Ep. 63, 9: Hier. Ep. 18:

a longe,

Hyg. Fab. 257; Vulg. Gen. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 58:

a modo,

ib. ib. 23, 39;

Hier. Vit. Hilar.: a nune,

Vulg. Luc. 1, 48:

a sursum,

ib. Marc. 15, 38.

Ab is not repeated like most other prepositions (v. ad, ex, in, etc.) with pron. interrog. or relat. after subst. and pron. demonstr. with ab:

Arsinoen, Stratum, Naupactum...fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc.,

Cic. Pis. 37, 91:

a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit. Quibus? An iis, quae in juventute geruntur et viribus?

id. Sen. 6:

a Jove incipiendum putat. Quo Jove?

id. Rep. 1, 36, 56:

res publica, quascumque vires habebit, ab iis ipsis, quibus tenetur, de te propediem impetrabit,

id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.—

Ab in Plantus is once put after the word which it governs: quo ab, As. 1, 1, 106.—

It is in various ways separated from the word which it governs:

a vitae periculo,

Cic. Brut. 91, 313:

a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo,

id. Arch. 6, 12:

a minus bono,

Sall. C. 2, 6:

a satis miti principio,

Liv. 1, 6, 4:

damnis dives ab ipsa suis,

Ov. H. 9, 96; so id. ib. 12, 18; 13, 116.—

The poets join a and que, making aque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.):

aque Chao,

Verg. G. 4, 347:

aque mero,

Ov. M. 3, 631:

aque viro,

id. H. 6, 156:

aque suis,

id. Tr. 5, 2, 74 al. But:

a meque,

Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 1:

abs teque,

id. Att. 3, 15, 4:

a teque,

id. ib. 8, 11, §

7: a primaque adulescentia,

id. Brut. 91, 315 al. —

A Greek noun joined with ab stands in the dat.: a parte negotiati, hoc est pragmatikê, removisse, Quint. 3, 7, 1.

In composition ab,

Retains its original signif.: abducere, to take or carry away from some place: abstrahere, to draw auay; also, downward: abicere, to throw down; and denoting a departure from the idea of the simple word, it has an effect apparently privative: absimilis, departing from the similar, unlike: abnormis, departing from the rule, unusual (different from dissimilis, enormis); and so also in amens=a mente remotus, alienus ( out of one's senses, without self-control, insane): absurdus, missounding, then incongruous, irrational: abutor (in one of its senses), to misuse: aborior, abortus, to miscarry: abludo; for the privative force the Latin regularly employs in-, v. 2. in.—

It more rarely designates completeness, as in absorbere, abutor ( to use up). (The designation of the fourth generation in the ascending or descending line by ab belongs here only in appearance; as abavus for quartus pater, great-great-grandfather, although the Greeks introduced upopappos; for the immutability of the syllable ab in abpatrnus and abmatertera, as well as the signif. Of the word abavus, grandfather's grandfather, imitated in abnepos, grandchild's grandchild, seems to point to a derivation from avi avus, as Festus, p. 13 Mull., explains atavus, by atta avi, or, rather, attae avus.)

aequus ( aecus, Pac. 32 Rib.; Lucr. 5, 1023 Lachm. and Munro; AIQVOS, S. C. de Bacch. 1. 26), a, um, adj. [formerly referred to EIKÔ, eoika, but Pott connects it with Sanscr. ēka = one, as if properly, one and uniform; others consider it as akin to aemulor, q. v.].

A.. Of place, that extends or lies in a horizontal direction, plain, even, level, flat (esp. freq. in the strategic descriptions of the histt.;

syn.: planus, aequalis, aequabilis, par, similis, justus): locus ad libellam aequus,

level, Varr. R. R. 1, 6 fin.:

aequus et planus locus,

Cic. Caec. 17 fin.:

in aequum locum se demittere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 28: legio, quae paulo aequiore loco constiterat, id. ib. 7, 51:

in aequum locum deducere,

Sall. J. 42 (cf. in Gr. eis to isoW katabainein, Xen. Anab. 4, 6, 18).— Trop.:

sive loquitur ex inferiore loco sive aequo sive ex superiore,

i. e. before the judges, sitting on raised seats, or in the Senate, or in the assembly of the people from the rostra, Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 23:

meos multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos cum tuā summā laude,

from the tribune, and on private matters, id. Fam. 3, 8.—In the histt., sometimes subst.: aequum, i, n., with a gen., level ground, a plain:

facilem in aequo campi victoriam fore,

Liv. 5, 38:

ut primum agmen aequo, ceteri per acclive jugum insurgerent,

Tac. Agr. 35:

in aequum digredi,

id. ib. 18:

in aequo obstare,

id. ib. 36; id. H. 4, 23.—Also, an eminence, if it rises without inequalities:

dum Romanae cohortes in aequum eniterentur,

up the slope, Tac. A. 2, 80.—As a level place is more favorable for military operations than an uneven one, aequus has the signif.,

Favorable, convenient, advantageous (as its opp., iniquus, uneven, has that of unfavorable, etc.).

Of place:

locum se aequum ad dimicandum dedisse,

Caes. B. C. 3, 73:

etsi non aequum locum videbat suis,

Nep. Milt. 5, 4:

non hic silvas nec paludes, sed aequis locis aequos deos,

Tac. A. 1, 68. —

Of time: judicium aequiore tempore fieri oportere, more propitious, Cic. Corn. Fragm. ap. Ascon. p. 72:

et tempore et loco aequo,

Liv. 26, 3:

tempore aequo,

Suet. Caes. 35.—

In gen., of persons or things (freq. and class.), favorable, kind, friendly, benevolent, etc.; constr. absol. with dat., or in and acc. (in poets in with abl.).

Absol.:

consequeris, ut eos ipsos, quos contra statuas, aequos placatosque dimittas,

Cic. Or. 10, 34:

nobilitate inimica, non aequo senatu,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 3 med.:

meis aequissimis utuntur auribus,

id. Fam. 7, 33:

oculis aspicere aequis,

Verg. A. 4, 372:

O dominum aequum et bonum,

Suet. Aug. 53:

boni et aequi et faciles domini,

id. Tib. 29.—

With dat.:

aequa Venus Teucris, Pallas iniqua fuit,

Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 6; id. A. A. 2, 310.—

With in and acc.:

quis hoc statuit, quod aequum sit in Quintium, id iniquum esse in Maevium,

Cic. Quint. 14.—

With in and abl.:

victor erat quamvis, aequus in hoste fuit,

Prop. 4, 18, 28.—Hence,

aequus, i, m. subst., a friend:

ego ut me tibi amicissimum esse et aequi et iniqui intellegant, curabo,

both friends and enemies, Cic. Fam. 3, 6 fin.:

aequis iniquisque persuasum erat,

Liv. 5, 45.

That is equal to another in any quality, equal, like; and of things divided into two equal parts, a half:

aequo censu censeri,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 92:

partīs,

Lucr. 3, 125; so Aur. Vict. Orig. 19, 1; and Vulg. 1 Reg. 30, 24:

aequa erit mensura sagorum,

ib. Exod. 26, 8:

pondera,

ib. Lev. 19, 36:

portio,

ib. 2 Mach. 8, 30:

aequa dementia,

Lucr. 1, 705 al.:

aequā manu discedere,

to come off with equal advantage, Sall. C. 39; so,

aequo Marte pugnare,

with equal success, Liv. 2, 6; Curt. 4, 15, 29; Flor. 4, 2, 48 al.:

urbs erat in summo nubibus aequa jugo,

Ov. P. 4, 7, 24:

aequum vulnus utrique tulit,

id. M. 9, 719 (cf. id. ib. 7, 803:

aequales urebant pectora flammae): sequiturque patrem non passibus aequis,

Verg. A. 2, 724:

pars aequa mundi,

Plin. 2, 19, 17, § 81:

utinam esset mihi pars aequa amoris tecum, i. e. aeque vicissim amaremus,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 12:

non tertiam portionem, verum aequam,

Plin. 3, 1, 1, § 5 al. —Hence the adverbial phrases,

Ex aequo, in like manner, in an equal degree, equally ( = ex isou, Hdt., Dem.), Lucr. 1, 854:

dixit et ex aequo donis formaque probata, etc.,

Ov. H. 16, 87; 20, 123; id. Am. 1, 10, 33; id. A. A. 2, 682; id. M. 3, 145; 4, 62; Liv. 36, 37:

adversarum rerum ex aequo socii sunt (Fosi Cheruscis), cum in secundis minores fuissent,

Tac. G. 36 fin. —

In aequo esse or stare, to be equal:

qui cogit mori nolentem, in aequo est, quique properantem impedit,

Sen. Phoen. 98:

ut naturam oderint, quod infra deos sumus, quod non in aequo illis stetimus,

id. Ben. 2, 29: in aequo ponere aliquem alicui, to make equal, to put on an equality, to compare:

in aequo eum (Philopoemenem) summis imperatoribus posuerunt,

Liv. 39, 50 fin. —

Morally.

Of persons, fair, equitable, impartial in conduct toward others (diff. from justus, just; v. aequitas, II.); constr. absol., with dat.; more rarely with gen.:

praetor aequus et sapiens,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; 2, 5, 59:

aequissimus aestimator et judex,

id. Fin. 3, 2:

praebere se aequum alicui,

id. Fam. 2, 1:

absentium aequi, praesentibus mobiles,

benevolent toward, Tac. A. 6, 36.—

Of things, fair, right, equitable, reasonable: ITA. SENATVS. AIQVOM. CENSVIT., S. C. de Bach. 1. 26: et aecum et rectum est, Pac. ap. Non. 261, 13 (Trag. Rel. p. 81 Rib.):

aequa et honesta postulatio,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 2:

quod justum est et aequum, servis praestate,

just and fair, Vulg. Col. 4, 1:

postulo primum id, quod aequissimum est, ut, etc.,

Cic. Clu. 2:

aequa lex et omnibus utilis,

id. Balb. 27:

aequissimis legibus monere,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 5:

aequae conditiones,

Vell. 2, 25; see Fischer, Gr. II. 611.—Hence,

ae-quum, i, n. subst., what is fair, equitable, or just; fairness, equity, or justice, etc.: jus atque aequum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):

utilitas justi prope mater et aequi,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 98:

aequi studium,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 6.—Often with comparatives, more than is right, proper, reasonable:

lamentari amplius aequo,

Lucr. 3, 966:

injurias gravius aequo habere,

to feel too deeply, Sall. C. 50:

potus largius aequo,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 215.—Hence, aequum est, it is reasonable, proper, right, etc.; constr. with acc. and inf., in good prose also with dat. pers. and ut, Rudd. II. p. 235, n. 21: nos quiescere aequom est, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 382 P. (Trag. v. 199 Vahl.):

quae liberum scire aequom est adulescentem,

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 25:

significant Imbecillorum esse aecum misererier omnīs,

Lucr. 5, 1023:

non est aequum nos derelinquere verbum Dei,

Vulg. Act. 6, 2:

aequius est mori quam auctoritatem imperii foedare,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 12, 7:

ut peritis? Ut piscatorem aequomst (sc. perire), fame sitique speque,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 7; so,

sicut aequum est homini de potestate deorum timide et pauca dicamus,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 47.—In Plaut., with abl.:

plus vidissem quam med atque illo aequom foret,

would be becoming in me and him, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 84; id. Rud. prol. 47.—

Aequum as subst. very freq. with bonum = aequitas, equitable conduct toward others, fairness, equity, etc.:

neque quidquam queo aequi bonique ab eo impetrare,

what is right and just, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 65:

cum de jure civili, cum de aequo et bono disputaretur,

Cic. Brut. 38:

ex aequo et bono, non ex callido versutoque jure rem judicari oportere,

id. Caecin. 23:

fit reus magis ex aequo bonoque quam ex jure gentium,

in accordance with justice and equity, Sall. J. 35.— Also without et:

illi dolum malum, illi fidem bonam, illi aequum bonum tradiderunt,

Cic. Top. 17.—So also, aequius melius, according to greater equily, Cic. Off. 3, 15; id. Top. 17.—

Of a state of mind, even, unruffled, calm, composed, tranquil, patient, enduring (cf. aequitas, II. B.);

esp. freq. with animus or mens: animus aequos optumum est aerumnae condimentum,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71:

concedo et quod animus aequus est et quia necesse est,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 50:

quodadest memento Componere aequus,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 32:

tentantem majora, fere praesentibus aequum,

id. Ep. 1, 17, 24;

and so, aequam memento rebus in arduis Servare mentem, etc.,

id. C. 2, 3, 1.—Esp. freq. in the adv. abl.: aequo (aequiore, aequissimo) animo, with even mind, with equanimity, patiently, calmly, quietly, with forbearance: ego, nisi Bibulus adniteretur de triumpho, aequo animo essem, nunc vero aischron siôpan, Cic. Att. 6, 8:

carere aequo animo aliquā re,

id. Brut. 6:

ferre aliquid,

Nep. Dion. 6, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 6, 3:

accipere,

Sall. C. 3, 2:

tolerare,

id. J. 31:

quo aequiore animo Germanicus celerem successionem operiretur,

Suet. Tib. 25:

testem se in judiciis interrogari aequissimo animo patiebatur,

id. Aug. 56.—In eccl. Lat. = bono animo:

aequo animo esto,

be of good cheer, Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7:

aequo animo (aliquis) est? Psallat,

ib. Jacob. 5, 13.—Hence: aequi bonique facere aliquid, to regard as fair and reasonable (prop., a gen. of value, Roby, § 1191), to put up with, be content with, submit to, acquiesce in, etc.:

istuc aequi bonique facio,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40: tranquillissimus animus meus totum istuc aequi boni [p. 59] facit, Cic. Att. 7, 7; Liv. 34, 22 fin.:

aequi istuc faciam,

it will be all the same to me, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 189.—So also:

aequi bonique dicere,

to propose any thing reasonable, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32.—Hence, aequē, adv., in like manner, equally, just as = ex aequo, pariter, Gr. isôs, omoiôs (indicating the entire equality of two objects compared, while similiter denotes only likeness):

eā (benevolentiā) non pariter omnes egemus... honore et gloriā fortasse non aeque omnes egent,

Cic. Off. 2, 8, 30:

non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,

id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:

universa aeque eveniunt justo et impio,

Vulg. Eccl. 9, 2.

In the comic poets with cum or the comp. abl. (cf. adaeque); in Cic. and good class. authors gen. with et, atque, ac, ac si; less class. with quam, ut, quam ut; in Petr. with tamquam.

Aeque—cum:

animum advorte, ut aeque mecum haec scias,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 66, id. Poen. prol. 47: novi aeque omnia tecum, Ter Phorm. 5, 9, 43. But in Plaut. As. 4, 1, 26, tecum una postea aeque pocla potitet, una belongs with tecum to potitet, and aeque is put absol. (sc. ut tu).—

Aeque with comp. abl.:

nullus est hoc meticulosus aeque,

as this person, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 137:

qui me in terrā aeque fortunatus erit,

id. Curc. 1, 2, 51.—

Aeque—et or aeque— que (as in Gr. ison kai, isa kai, Soph. Oed. Tyr. 611;

Thuc. 3, 14). nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,

equally as ourselves, Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67. versūs aeque prima et media et extrema pars attenditur, id. de Or. 3, 50, 192; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; so id. Mur. 13, 28; id. Clu. 69, 195, id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62 al.:

quod Aeque neglectum pueris senibusque nocebit,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 26.—

Aeque—atque, —ac, —ac si, as... as; as much as, as: vide ne, quem tu esse hebetem deputes aeque ac pecus, is, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45: pumex non aeque aridus atque hic est senex, Plaut Aul. 2, 4, 18; Ter. Phorm 1, 2, 43; Varr. R. R. 3, 8, 2:

nisi haberes, qui illis aeque ac tu ipse gauderet,

Cic. Lael. 6, 22:

sed me colit et observat aeque atque patronum suum,

id. Fam. 13, 69; 2, 2; so id. Brut. 71, 248; id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116; Cels. 6, 15; Tac. H. 4, 5; Suet. Caes. 12 al.: aeque ac si. with the subj., just as if. altogether as if:

Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,

Cic. Fam. 13, 43, 3; Auct Her 2, 13, 19: quo factum est, ut jumenta aeque nitida ex castellis educeret ac si in campestribus ea locis habuisset, Nep Eum. 5. 6; Liv. 10, 7, 4; 44, 22, 5 al.—

Aeque— quam (only in Plaut. and prose writers from the Aug. per.;

neither in Cic. nor in Cæs.),

as... as, in the same manner as, as well... as, like, Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 55;

nullum esse agrum aeque feracem quam hic est,

id. Epid. 2, 3, 1:

nihil aeque eos terruit quam robur et color imperatoris,

Liv. 28, 26, 14, 5, 6, 11; so 5, 3, 4; 31, 1, 3;

in navibus posita aeque quam in aedificiis,

Plin. 2, 81, 83, § 196; so 2, 70, 72, § 180; Tac. A. 14, 38; id. H. 2, 10; 4, 52; Suet. Aug. 64, 89; id. Galb. 4 al.—

Aeque—ut, a rare combination, and unworthy of imitation (in authors of the class. per. its reception rests, for the most part, upon false readings for aeque et or aeque ac), as much as, like, cui nihil aeque in causis agendis ut brevitas placet, Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 1 Keil. accinctus aeque ut discinctus, Vulg. 3 Reg. 20, 11. Possidebitis eam (terram) singuli aeque ut frater suus, ib. Ezech. 47, 14:

idemque proficeret aeque ut rosaceum,

Plin. 23, 4, 45, § 89, where Jan reads proficeret quod rosaceum. —In Plaut. once aeque—quasi for the class. aeque ac. quem videam aeque esse maestum quasi dies si dicta sit, Plaut. As. 5, 1, 11 Fleck.—

Sometimes aeque—aeque, as well as, as much as. aeque pauperibus prodest, locupletibus aeque, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 25:

aeque discordiam praepositorum, aeque concordiam subjectis exitiosam,

Tac. Agr. 15.—

The comparison is often to be supplied from the whole sentence or context; hence, aeque stands absol. for aeque ac, etc. (ante-class. freq.; also in Cic. and Liv.), equally, as much as, as: eadem oratio non aeque valet, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4 (from Eurip. Hec. 295: logos... ou tauton sthenei):

satin habes, si feminarum nullast quam aeque diligam?

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 11: Aetna mons non aeque altus, id. Mil. 4, 2, 73; 4, 7, 10; id. Most. 1, 3, 85, etc.; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 32; Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 1; so id. ib. 5, 21; id. Fin. 4, 33, 62:

aeque sons,

Liv. 29, 19, 2;

so 29, 19, 4 al.: aeque non est dubium,

it is as little doubtful, Plin. 2, 15, 13, § 68.—

With omnes, uterque, and definite numerals, to indicate that a thing applies equally to all the objects designated, equally:

non omnia eadem aeque omnibus suavia esse scito,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 51; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 2; so Cic. Off. 2, 8, 31; id. Fin. 4, 27, 75 al.:

etsi utrique nostrum prope aeque gratae erant (litterae),

id. Fam. 13, 18; so id. Quint. 28, 86; Verg. G. 3, 118; Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 33; id. Fast. 1, 226:

aeque ambo pares,

Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 60:

duae trabes aeque longae,

Caes. B. C. 2, 10; Suet. Aug. 101. —

Sometimes absol., with several substantives, alike, equally:

Tragici et comici Numquam aeque sunt meditati,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 4. imperium bonus ignavus aeque sibi exoptant, Sall. C. 11.—

In Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 42, nec est mihi quisquam, melius aeque cui velim, melius velle is, perhaps, to be taken together as a phrase, and the comp. considered as used in a restricted sense, as in melius est. Others consider the comp. as used for the simple positive; cf. adaeque.—

Justly, with equity:

mihi id aeque factum arbitror,

Plaut. Mil. 5, 22 dub. (Ritschl: jureque id factum arbitror).— Comp.: ferro quam fame aequius perituros, more willingly, Sall. H. Fragm.— Sup.:

aequissime jus dicere,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 11, 2:

judicas ut qui aequissime,

Sid. 15, Ep. 11.

form, aequĭter, also occurs: praeda per participes aequiter partita est, Liv. Andr. ap. Non. 512, 31; so Pac. ib., Att. ib., and Plaut. acc. to Prisc. 1010 P.

aequus ( aecus, Pac. 32 Rib.; Lucr. 5, 1023 Lachm. and Munro; AIQVOS, S. C. de Bacch. 1. 26), a, um, adj. [formerly referred to EIKÔ, eoika, but Pott connects it with Sanscr. ēka = one, as if properly, one and uniform; others consider it as akin to aemulor, q. v.].

A.. Of place, that extends or lies in a horizontal direction, plain, even, level, flat (esp. freq. in the strategic descriptions of the histt.;

syn.: planus, aequalis, aequabilis, par, similis, justus): locus ad libellam aequus,

level, Varr. R. R. 1, 6 fin.:

aequus et planus locus,

Cic. Caec. 17 fin.:

in aequum locum se demittere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 28: legio, quae paulo aequiore loco constiterat, id. ib. 7, 51:

in aequum locum deducere,

Sall. J. 42 (cf. in Gr. eis to isoW katabainein, Xen. Anab. 4, 6, 18).— Trop.:

sive loquitur ex inferiore loco sive aequo sive ex superiore,

i. e. before the judges, sitting on raised seats, or in the Senate, or in the assembly of the people from the rostra, Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 23:

meos multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos cum tuā summā laude,

from the tribune, and on private matters, id. Fam. 3, 8.—In the histt., sometimes subst.: aequum, i, n., with a gen., level ground, a plain:

facilem in aequo campi victoriam fore,

Liv. 5, 38:

ut primum agmen aequo, ceteri per acclive jugum insurgerent,

Tac. Agr. 35:

in aequum digredi,

id. ib. 18:

in aequo obstare,

id. ib. 36; id. H. 4, 23.—Also, an eminence, if it rises without inequalities:

dum Romanae cohortes in aequum eniterentur,

up the slope, Tac. A. 2, 80.—As a level place is more favorable for military operations than an uneven one, aequus has the signif.,

Favorable, convenient, advantageous (as its opp., iniquus, uneven, has that of unfavorable, etc.).

Of place:

locum se aequum ad dimicandum dedisse,

Caes. B. C. 3, 73:

etsi non aequum locum videbat suis,

Nep. Milt. 5, 4:

non hic silvas nec paludes, sed aequis locis aequos deos,

Tac. A. 1, 68. —

Of time: judicium aequiore tempore fieri oportere, more propitious, Cic. Corn. Fragm. ap. Ascon. p. 72:

et tempore et loco aequo,

Liv. 26, 3:

tempore aequo,

Suet. Caes. 35.—

In gen., of persons or things (freq. and class.), favorable, kind, friendly, benevolent, etc.; constr. absol. with dat., or in and acc. (in poets in with abl.).

Absol.:

consequeris, ut eos ipsos, quos contra statuas, aequos placatosque dimittas,

Cic. Or. 10, 34:

nobilitate inimica, non aequo senatu,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 3 med.:

meis aequissimis utuntur auribus,

id. Fam. 7, 33:

oculis aspicere aequis,

Verg. A. 4, 372:

O dominum aequum et bonum,

Suet. Aug. 53:

boni et aequi et faciles domini,

id. Tib. 29.—

With dat.:

aequa Venus Teucris, Pallas iniqua fuit,

Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 6; id. A. A. 2, 310.—

With in and acc.:

quis hoc statuit, quod aequum sit in Quintium, id iniquum esse in Maevium,

Cic. Quint. 14.—

With in and abl.:

victor erat quamvis, aequus in hoste fuit,

Prop. 4, 18, 28.—Hence,

aequus, i, m. subst., a friend:

ego ut me tibi amicissimum esse et aequi et iniqui intellegant, curabo,

both friends and enemies, Cic. Fam. 3, 6 fin.:

aequis iniquisque persuasum erat,

Liv. 5, 45.

That is equal to another in any quality, equal, like; and of things divided into two equal parts, a half:

aequo censu censeri,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 92:

partīs,

Lucr. 3, 125; so Aur. Vict. Orig. 19, 1; and Vulg. 1 Reg. 30, 24:

aequa erit mensura sagorum,

ib. Exod. 26, 8:

pondera,

ib. Lev. 19, 36:

portio,

ib. 2 Mach. 8, 30:

aequa dementia,

Lucr. 1, 705 al.:

aequā manu discedere,

to come off with equal advantage, Sall. C. 39; so,

aequo Marte pugnare,

with equal success, Liv. 2, 6; Curt. 4, 15, 29; Flor. 4, 2, 48 al.:

urbs erat in summo nubibus aequa jugo,

Ov. P. 4, 7, 24:

aequum vulnus utrique tulit,

id. M. 9, 719 (cf. id. ib. 7, 803:

aequales urebant pectora flammae): sequiturque patrem non passibus aequis,

Verg. A. 2, 724:

pars aequa mundi,

Plin. 2, 19, 17, § 81:

utinam esset mihi pars aequa amoris tecum, i. e. aeque vicissim amaremus,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 12:

non tertiam portionem, verum aequam,

Plin. 3, 1, 1, § 5 al. —Hence the adverbial phrases,

Ex aequo, in like manner, in an equal degree, equally ( = ex isou, Hdt., Dem.), Lucr. 1, 854:

dixit et ex aequo donis formaque probata, etc.,

Ov. H. 16, 87; 20, 123; id. Am. 1, 10, 33; id. A. A. 2, 682; id. M. 3, 145; 4, 62; Liv. 36, 37:

adversarum rerum ex aequo socii sunt (Fosi Cheruscis), cum in secundis minores fuissent,

Tac. G. 36 fin. —

In aequo esse or stare, to be equal:

qui cogit mori nolentem, in aequo est, quique properantem impedit,

Sen. Phoen. 98:

ut naturam oderint, quod infra deos sumus, quod non in aequo illis stetimus,

id. Ben. 2, 29: in aequo ponere aliquem alicui, to make equal, to put on an equality, to compare:

in aequo eum (Philopoemenem) summis imperatoribus posuerunt,

Liv. 39, 50 fin. —

Morally.

Of persons, fair, equitable, impartial in conduct toward others (diff. from justus, just; v. aequitas, II.); constr. absol., with dat.; more rarely with gen.:

praetor aequus et sapiens,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; 2, 5, 59:

aequissimus aestimator et judex,

id. Fin. 3, 2:

praebere se aequum alicui,

id. Fam. 2, 1:

absentium aequi, praesentibus mobiles,

benevolent toward, Tac. A. 6, 36.—

Of things, fair, right, equitable, reasonable: ITA. SENATVS. AIQVOM. CENSVIT., S. C. de Bach. 1. 26: et aecum et rectum est, Pac. ap. Non. 261, 13 (Trag. Rel. p. 81 Rib.):

aequa et honesta postulatio,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 2:

quod justum est et aequum, servis praestate,

just and fair, Vulg. Col. 4, 1:

postulo primum id, quod aequissimum est, ut, etc.,

Cic. Clu. 2:

aequa lex et omnibus utilis,

id. Balb. 27:

aequissimis legibus monere,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 5:

aequae conditiones,

Vell. 2, 25; see Fischer, Gr. II. 611.—Hence,

ae-quum, i, n. subst., what is fair, equitable, or just; fairness, equity, or justice, etc.: jus atque aequum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):

utilitas justi prope mater et aequi,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 98:

aequi studium,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 6.—Often with comparatives, more than is right, proper, reasonable:

lamentari amplius aequo,

Lucr. 3, 966:

injurias gravius aequo habere,

to feel too deeply, Sall. C. 50:

potus largius aequo,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 215.—Hence, aequum est, it is reasonable, proper, right, etc.; constr. with acc. and inf., in good prose also with dat. pers. and ut, Rudd. II. p. 235, n. 21: nos quiescere aequom est, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 382 P. (Trag. v. 199 Vahl.):

quae liberum scire aequom est adulescentem,

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 25:

significant Imbecillorum esse aecum misererier omnīs,

Lucr. 5, 1023:

non est aequum nos derelinquere verbum Dei,

Vulg. Act. 6, 2:

aequius est mori quam auctoritatem imperii foedare,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 12, 7:

ut peritis? Ut piscatorem aequomst (sc. perire), fame sitique speque,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 7; so,

sicut aequum est homini de potestate deorum timide et pauca dicamus,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 47.—In Plaut., with abl.:

plus vidissem quam med atque illo aequom foret,

would be becoming in me and him, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 84; id. Rud. prol. 47.—

Aequum as subst. very freq. with bonum = aequitas, equitable conduct toward others, fairness, equity, etc.:

neque quidquam queo aequi bonique ab eo impetrare,

what is right and just, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 65:

cum de jure civili, cum de aequo et bono disputaretur,

Cic. Brut. 38:

ex aequo et bono, non ex callido versutoque jure rem judicari oportere,

id. Caecin. 23:

fit reus magis ex aequo bonoque quam ex jure gentium,

in accordance with justice and equity, Sall. J. 35.— Also without et:

illi dolum malum, illi fidem bonam, illi aequum bonum tradiderunt,

Cic. Top. 17.—So also, aequius melius, according to greater equily, Cic. Off. 3, 15; id. Top. 17.—

Of a state of mind, even, unruffled, calm, composed, tranquil, patient, enduring (cf. aequitas, II. B.);

esp. freq. with animus or mens: animus aequos optumum est aerumnae condimentum,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71:

concedo et quod animus aequus est et quia necesse est,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 50:

quodadest memento Componere aequus,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 32:

tentantem majora, fere praesentibus aequum,

id. Ep. 1, 17, 24;

and so, aequam memento rebus in arduis Servare mentem, etc.,

id. C. 2, 3, 1.—Esp. freq. in the adv. abl.: aequo (aequiore, aequissimo) animo, with even mind, with equanimity, patiently, calmly, quietly, with forbearance: ego, nisi Bibulus adniteretur de triumpho, aequo animo essem, nunc vero aischron siôpan, Cic. Att. 6, 8:

carere aequo animo aliquā re,

id. Brut. 6:

ferre aliquid,

Nep. Dion. 6, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 6, 3:

accipere,

Sall. C. 3, 2:

tolerare,

id. J. 31:

quo aequiore animo Germanicus celerem successionem operiretur,

Suet. Tib. 25:

testem se in judiciis interrogari aequissimo animo patiebatur,

id. Aug. 56.—In eccl. Lat. = bono animo:

aequo animo esto,

be of good cheer, Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7:

aequo animo (aliquis) est? Psallat,

ib. Jacob. 5, 13.—Hence: aequi bonique facere aliquid, to regard as fair and reasonable (prop., a gen. of value, Roby, § 1191), to put up with, be content with, submit to, acquiesce in, etc.:

istuc aequi bonique facio,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40: tranquillissimus animus meus totum istuc aequi boni [p. 59] facit, Cic. Att. 7, 7; Liv. 34, 22 fin.:

aequi istuc faciam,

it will be all the same to me, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 189.—So also:

aequi bonique dicere,

to propose any thing reasonable, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32.—Hence, aequē, adv., in like manner, equally, just as = ex aequo, pariter, Gr. isôs, omoiôs (indicating the entire equality of two objects compared, while similiter denotes only likeness):

eā (benevolentiā) non pariter omnes egemus... honore et gloriā fortasse non aeque omnes egent,

Cic. Off. 2, 8, 30:

non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,

id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:

universa aeque eveniunt justo et impio,

Vulg. Eccl. 9, 2.

In the comic poets with cum or the comp. abl. (cf. adaeque); in Cic. and good class. authors gen. with et, atque, ac, ac si; less class. with quam, ut, quam ut; in Petr. with tamquam.

Aeque—cum:

animum advorte, ut aeque mecum haec scias,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 66, id. Poen. prol. 47: novi aeque omnia tecum, Ter Phorm. 5, 9, 43. But in Plaut. As. 4, 1, 26, tecum una postea aeque pocla potitet, una belongs with tecum to potitet, and aeque is put absol. (sc. ut tu).—

Aeque with comp. abl.:

nullus est hoc meticulosus aeque,

as this person, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 137:

qui me in terrā aeque fortunatus erit,

id. Curc. 1, 2, 51.—

Aeque—et or aeque— que (as in Gr. ison kai, isa kai, Soph. Oed. Tyr. 611;

Thuc. 3, 14). nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,

equally as ourselves, Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67. versūs aeque prima et media et extrema pars attenditur, id. de Or. 3, 50, 192; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; so id. Mur. 13, 28; id. Clu. 69, 195, id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62 al.:

quod Aeque neglectum pueris senibusque nocebit,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 26.—

Aeque—atque, —ac, —ac si, as... as; as much as, as: vide ne, quem tu esse hebetem deputes aeque ac pecus, is, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45: pumex non aeque aridus atque hic est senex, Plaut Aul. 2, 4, 18; Ter. Phorm 1, 2, 43; Varr. R. R. 3, 8, 2:

nisi haberes, qui illis aeque ac tu ipse gauderet,

Cic. Lael. 6, 22:

sed me colit et observat aeque atque patronum suum,

id. Fam. 13, 69; 2, 2; so id. Brut. 71, 248; id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116; Cels. 6, 15; Tac. H. 4, 5; Suet. Caes. 12 al.: aeque ac si. with the subj., just as if. altogether as if:

Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,

Cic. Fam. 13, 43, 3; Auct Her 2, 13, 19: quo factum est, ut jumenta aeque nitida ex castellis educeret ac si in campestribus ea locis habuisset, Nep Eum. 5. 6; Liv. 10, 7, 4; 44, 22, 5 al.—

Aeque— quam (only in Plaut. and prose writers from the Aug. per.;

neither in Cic. nor in Cæs.),

as... as, in the same manner as, as well... as, like, Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 55;

nullum esse agrum aeque feracem quam hic est,

id. Epid. 2, 3, 1:

nihil aeque eos terruit quam robur et color imperatoris,

Liv. 28, 26, 14, 5, 6, 11; so 5, 3, 4; 31, 1, 3;

in navibus posita aeque quam in aedificiis,

Plin. 2, 81, 83, § 196; so 2, 70, 72, § 180; Tac. A. 14, 38; id. H. 2, 10; 4, 52; Suet. Aug. 64, 89; id. Galb. 4 al.—

Aeque—ut, a rare combination, and unworthy of imitation (in authors of the class. per. its reception rests, for the most part, upon false readings for aeque et or aeque ac), as much as, like, cui nihil aeque in causis agendis ut brevitas placet, Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 1 Keil. accinctus aeque ut discinctus, Vulg. 3 Reg. 20, 11. Possidebitis eam (terram) singuli aeque ut frater suus, ib. Ezech. 47, 14:

idemque proficeret aeque ut rosaceum,

Plin. 23, 4, 45, § 89, where Jan reads proficeret quod rosaceum. —In Plaut. once aeque—quasi for the class. aeque ac. quem videam aeque esse maestum quasi dies si dicta sit, Plaut. As. 5, 1, 11 Fleck.—

Sometimes aeque—aeque, as well as, as much as. aeque pauperibus prodest, locupletibus aeque, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 25:

aeque discordiam praepositorum, aeque concordiam subjectis exitiosam,

Tac. Agr. 15.—

The comparison is often to be supplied from the whole sentence or context; hence, aeque stands absol. for aeque ac, etc. (ante-class. freq.; also in Cic. and Liv.), equally, as much as, as: eadem oratio non aeque valet, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4 (from Eurip. Hec. 295: logos... ou tauton sthenei):

satin habes, si feminarum nullast quam aeque diligam?

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 11: Aetna mons non aeque altus, id. Mil. 4, 2, 73; 4, 7, 10; id. Most. 1, 3, 85, etc.; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 32; Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 1; so id. ib. 5, 21; id. Fin. 4, 33, 62:

aeque sons,

Liv. 29, 19, 2;

so 29, 19, 4 al.: aeque non est dubium,

it is as little doubtful, Plin. 2, 15, 13, § 68.—

With omnes, uterque, and definite numerals, to indicate that a thing applies equally to all the objects designated, equally:

non omnia eadem aeque omnibus suavia esse scito,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 51; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 2; so Cic. Off. 2, 8, 31; id. Fin. 4, 27, 75 al.:

etsi utrique nostrum prope aeque gratae erant (litterae),

id. Fam. 13, 18; so id. Quint. 28, 86; Verg. G. 3, 118; Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 33; id. Fast. 1, 226:

aeque ambo pares,

Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 60:

duae trabes aeque longae,

Caes. B. C. 2, 10; Suet. Aug. 101. —

Sometimes absol., with several substantives, alike, equally:

Tragici et comici Numquam aeque sunt meditati,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 4. imperium bonus ignavus aeque sibi exoptant, Sall. C. 11.—

In Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 42, nec est mihi quisquam, melius aeque cui velim, melius velle is, perhaps, to be taken together as a phrase, and the comp. considered as used in a restricted sense, as in melius est. Others consider the comp. as used for the simple positive; cf. adaeque.—

Justly, with equity:

mihi id aeque factum arbitror,

Plaut. Mil. 5, 22 dub. (Ritschl: jureque id factum arbitror).— Comp.: ferro quam fame aequius perituros, more willingly, Sall. H. Fragm.— Sup.:

aequissime jus dicere,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 11, 2:

judicas ut qui aequissime,

Sid. 15, Ep. 11.

form, aequĭter, also occurs: praeda per participes aequiter partita est, Liv. Andr. ap. Non. 512, 31; so Pac. ib., Att. ib., and Plaut. acc. to Prisc. 1010 P.

aequus ( aecus, Pac. 32 Rib.; Lucr. 5, 1023 Lachm. and Munro; AIQVOS, S. C. de Bacch. 1. 26), a, um, adj. [formerly referred to EIKÔ, eoika, but Pott connects it with Sanscr. ēka = one, as if properly, one and uniform; others consider it as akin to aemulor, q. v.].

A.. Of place, that extends or lies in a horizontal direction, plain, even, level, flat (esp. freq. in the strategic descriptions of the histt.;

syn.: planus, aequalis, aequabilis, par, similis, justus): locus ad libellam aequus,

level, Varr. R. R. 1, 6 fin.:

aequus et planus locus,

Cic. Caec. 17 fin.:

in aequum locum se demittere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 28: legio, quae paulo aequiore loco constiterat, id. ib. 7, 51:

in aequum locum deducere,

Sall. J. 42 (cf. in Gr. eis to isoW katabainein, Xen. Anab. 4, 6, 18).— Trop.:

sive loquitur ex inferiore loco sive aequo sive ex superiore,

i. e. before the judges, sitting on raised seats, or in the Senate, or in the assembly of the people from the rostra, Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 23:

meos multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos cum tuā summā laude,

from the tribune, and on private matters, id. Fam. 3, 8.—In the histt., sometimes subst.: aequum, i, n., with a gen., level ground, a plain:

facilem in aequo campi victoriam fore,

Liv. 5, 38:

ut primum agmen aequo, ceteri per acclive jugum insurgerent,

Tac. Agr. 35:

in aequum digredi,

id. ib. 18:

in aequo obstare,

id. ib. 36; id. H. 4, 23.—Also, an eminence, if it rises without inequalities:

dum Romanae cohortes in aequum eniterentur,

up the slope, Tac. A. 2, 80.—As a level place is more favorable for military operations than an uneven one, aequus has the signif.,

Favorable, convenient, advantageous (as its opp., iniquus, uneven, has that of unfavorable, etc.).

Of place:

locum se aequum ad dimicandum dedisse,

Caes. B. C. 3, 73:

etsi non aequum locum videbat suis,

Nep. Milt. 5, 4:

non hic silvas nec paludes, sed aequis locis aequos deos,

Tac. A. 1, 68. —

Of time: judicium aequiore tempore fieri oportere, more propitious, Cic. Corn. Fragm. ap. Ascon. p. 72:

et tempore et loco aequo,

Liv. 26, 3:

tempore aequo,

Suet. Caes. 35.—

In gen., of persons or things (freq. and class.), favorable, kind, friendly, benevolent, etc.; constr. absol. with dat., or in and acc. (in poets in with abl.).

Absol.:

consequeris, ut eos ipsos, quos contra statuas, aequos placatosque dimittas,

Cic. Or. 10, 34:

nobilitate inimica, non aequo senatu,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 3 med.:

meis aequissimis utuntur auribus,

id. Fam. 7, 33:

oculis aspicere aequis,

Verg. A. 4, 372:

O dominum aequum et bonum,

Suet. Aug. 53:

boni et aequi et faciles domini,

id. Tib. 29.—

With dat.:

aequa Venus Teucris, Pallas iniqua fuit,

Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 6; id. A. A. 2, 310.—

With in and acc.:

quis hoc statuit, quod aequum sit in Quintium, id iniquum esse in Maevium,

Cic. Quint. 14.—

With in and abl.:

victor erat quamvis, aequus in hoste fuit,

Prop. 4, 18, 28.—Hence,

aequus, i, m. subst., a friend:

ego ut me tibi amicissimum esse et aequi et iniqui intellegant, curabo,

both friends and enemies, Cic. Fam. 3, 6 fin.:

aequis iniquisque persuasum erat,

Liv. 5, 45.

That is equal to another in any quality, equal, like; and of things divided into two equal parts, a half:

aequo censu censeri,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 92:

partīs,

Lucr. 3, 125; so Aur. Vict. Orig. 19, 1; and Vulg. 1 Reg. 30, 24:

aequa erit mensura sagorum,

ib. Exod. 26, 8:

pondera,

ib. Lev. 19, 36:

portio,

ib. 2 Mach. 8, 30:

aequa dementia,

Lucr. 1, 705 al.:

aequā manu discedere,

to come off with equal advantage, Sall. C. 39; so,

aequo Marte pugnare,

with equal success, Liv. 2, 6; Curt. 4, 15, 29; Flor. 4, 2, 48 al.:

urbs erat in summo nubibus aequa jugo,

Ov. P. 4, 7, 24:

aequum vulnus utrique tulit,

id. M. 9, 719 (cf. id. ib. 7, 803:

aequales urebant pectora flammae): sequiturque patrem non passibus aequis,

Verg. A. 2, 724:

pars aequa mundi,

Plin. 2, 19, 17, § 81:

utinam esset mihi pars aequa amoris tecum, i. e. aeque vicissim amaremus,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 12:

non tertiam portionem, verum aequam,

Plin. 3, 1, 1, § 5 al. —Hence the adverbial phrases,

Ex aequo, in like manner, in an equal degree, equally ( = ex isou, Hdt., Dem.), Lucr. 1, 854:

dixit et ex aequo donis formaque probata, etc.,

Ov. H. 16, 87; 20, 123; id. Am. 1, 10, 33; id. A. A. 2, 682; id. M. 3, 145; 4, 62; Liv. 36, 37:

adversarum rerum ex aequo socii sunt (Fosi Cheruscis), cum in secundis minores fuissent,

Tac. G. 36 fin. —

In aequo esse or stare, to be equal:

qui cogit mori nolentem, in aequo est, quique properantem impedit,

Sen. Phoen. 98:

ut naturam oderint, quod infra deos sumus, quod non in aequo illis stetimus,

id. Ben. 2, 29: in aequo ponere aliquem alicui, to make equal, to put on an equality, to compare:

in aequo eum (Philopoemenem) summis imperatoribus posuerunt,

Liv. 39, 50 fin. —

Morally.

Of persons, fair, equitable, impartial in conduct toward others (diff. from justus, just; v. aequitas, II.); constr. absol., with dat.; more rarely with gen.:

praetor aequus et sapiens,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; 2, 5, 59:

aequissimus aestimator et judex,

id. Fin. 3, 2:

praebere se aequum alicui,

id. Fam. 2, 1:

absentium aequi, praesentibus mobiles,

benevolent toward, Tac. A. 6, 36.—

Of things, fair, right, equitable, reasonable: ITA. SENATVS. AIQVOM. CENSVIT., S. C. de Bach. 1. 26: et aecum et rectum est, Pac. ap. Non. 261, 13 (Trag. Rel. p. 81 Rib.):

aequa et honesta postulatio,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 2:

quod justum est et aequum, servis praestate,

just and fair, Vulg. Col. 4, 1:

postulo primum id, quod aequissimum est, ut, etc.,

Cic. Clu. 2:

aequa lex et omnibus utilis,

id. Balb. 27:

aequissimis legibus monere,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 5:

aequae conditiones,

Vell. 2, 25; see Fischer, Gr. II. 611.—Hence,

ae-quum, i, n. subst., what is fair, equitable, or just; fairness, equity, or justice, etc.: jus atque aequum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):

utilitas justi prope mater et aequi,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 98:

aequi studium,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 6.—Often with comparatives, more than is right, proper, reasonable:

lamentari amplius aequo,

Lucr. 3, 966:

injurias gravius aequo habere,

to feel too deeply, Sall. C. 50:

potus largius aequo,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 215.—Hence, aequum est, it is reasonable, proper, right, etc.; constr. with acc. and inf., in good prose also with dat. pers. and ut, Rudd. II. p. 235, n. 21: nos quiescere aequom est, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 382 P. (Trag. v. 199 Vahl.):

quae liberum scire aequom est adulescentem,

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 25:

significant Imbecillorum esse aecum misererier omnīs,

Lucr. 5, 1023:

non est aequum nos derelinquere verbum Dei,

Vulg. Act. 6, 2:

aequius est mori quam auctoritatem imperii foedare,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 12, 7:

ut peritis? Ut piscatorem aequomst (sc. perire), fame sitique speque,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 7; so,

sicut aequum est homini de potestate deorum timide et pauca dicamus,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 47.—In Plaut., with abl.:

plus vidissem quam med atque illo aequom foret,

would be becoming in me and him, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 84; id. Rud. prol. 47.—

Aequum as subst. very freq. with bonum = aequitas, equitable conduct toward others, fairness, equity, etc.:

neque quidquam queo aequi bonique ab eo impetrare,

what is right and just, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 65:

cum de jure civili, cum de aequo et bono disputaretur,

Cic. Brut. 38:

ex aequo et bono, non ex callido versutoque jure rem judicari oportere,

id. Caecin. 23:

fit reus magis ex aequo bonoque quam ex jure gentium,

in accordance with justice and equity, Sall. J. 35.— Also without et:

illi dolum malum, illi fidem bonam, illi aequum bonum tradiderunt,

Cic. Top. 17.—So also, aequius melius, according to greater equily, Cic. Off. 3, 15; id. Top. 17.—

Of a state of mind, even, unruffled, calm, composed, tranquil, patient, enduring (cf. aequitas, II. B.);

esp. freq. with animus or mens: animus aequos optumum est aerumnae condimentum,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71:

concedo et quod animus aequus est et quia necesse est,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 50:

quodadest memento Componere aequus,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 32:

tentantem majora, fere praesentibus aequum,

id. Ep. 1, 17, 24;

and so, aequam memento rebus in arduis Servare mentem, etc.,

id. C. 2, 3, 1.—Esp. freq. in the adv. abl.: aequo (aequiore, aequissimo) animo, with even mind, with equanimity, patiently, calmly, quietly, with forbearance: ego, nisi Bibulus adniteretur de triumpho, aequo animo essem, nunc vero aischron siôpan, Cic. Att. 6, 8:

carere aequo animo aliquā re,

id. Brut. 6:

ferre aliquid,

Nep. Dion. 6, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 6, 3:

accipere,

Sall. C. 3, 2:

tolerare,

id. J. 31:

quo aequiore animo Germanicus celerem successionem operiretur,

Suet. Tib. 25:

testem se in judiciis interrogari aequissimo animo patiebatur,

id. Aug. 56.—In eccl. Lat. = bono animo:

aequo animo esto,

be of good cheer, Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7:

aequo animo (aliquis) est? Psallat,

ib. Jacob. 5, 13.—Hence: aequi bonique facere aliquid, to regard as fair and reasonable (prop., a gen. of value, Roby, § 1191), to put up with, be content with, submit to, acquiesce in, etc.:

istuc aequi bonique facio,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40: tranquillissimus animus meus totum istuc aequi boni [p. 59] facit, Cic. Att. 7, 7; Liv. 34, 22 fin.:

aequi istuc faciam,

it will be all the same to me, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 189.—So also:

aequi bonique dicere,

to propose any thing reasonable, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32.—Hence, aequē, adv., in like manner, equally, just as = ex aequo, pariter, Gr. isôs, omoiôs (indicating the entire equality of two objects compared, while similiter denotes only likeness):

eā (benevolentiā) non pariter omnes egemus... honore et gloriā fortasse non aeque omnes egent,

Cic. Off. 2, 8, 30:

non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,

id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:

universa aeque eveniunt justo et impio,

Vulg. Eccl. 9, 2.

In the comic poets with cum or the comp. abl. (cf. adaeque); in Cic. and good class. authors gen. with et, atque, ac, ac si; less class. with quam, ut, quam ut; in Petr. with tamquam.

Aeque—cum:

animum advorte, ut aeque mecum haec scias,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 66, id. Poen. prol. 47: novi aeque omnia tecum, Ter Phorm. 5, 9, 43. But in Plaut. As. 4, 1, 26, tecum una postea aeque pocla potitet, una belongs with tecum to potitet, and aeque is put absol. (sc. ut tu).—

Aeque with comp. abl.:

nullus est hoc meticulosus aeque,

as this person, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 137:

qui me in terrā aeque fortunatus erit,

id. Curc. 1, 2, 51.—

Aeque—et or aeque— que (as in Gr. ison kai, isa kai, Soph. Oed. Tyr. 611;

Thuc. 3, 14). nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,

equally as ourselves, Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67. versūs aeque prima et media et extrema pars attenditur, id. de Or. 3, 50, 192; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; so id. Mur. 13, 28; id. Clu. 69, 195, id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62 al.:

quod Aeque neglectum pueris senibusque nocebit,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 26.—

Aeque—atque, —ac, —ac si, as... as; as much as, as: vide ne, quem tu esse hebetem deputes aeque ac pecus, is, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45: pumex non aeque aridus atque hic est senex, Plaut Aul. 2, 4, 18; Ter. Phorm 1, 2, 43; Varr. R. R. 3, 8, 2:

nisi haberes, qui illis aeque ac tu ipse gauderet,

Cic. Lael. 6, 22:

sed me colit et observat aeque atque patronum suum,

id. Fam. 13, 69; 2, 2; so id. Brut. 71, 248; id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116; Cels. 6, 15; Tac. H. 4, 5; Suet. Caes. 12 al.: aeque ac si. with the subj., just as if. altogether as if:

Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,

Cic. Fam. 13, 43, 3; Auct Her 2, 13, 19: quo factum est, ut jumenta aeque nitida ex castellis educeret ac si in campestribus ea locis habuisset, Nep Eum. 5. 6; Liv. 10, 7, 4; 44, 22, 5 al.—

Aeque— quam (only in Plaut. and prose writers from the Aug. per.;

neither in Cic. nor in Cæs.),

as... as, in the same manner as, as well... as, like, Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 55;

nullum esse agrum aeque feracem quam hic est,

id. Epid. 2, 3, 1:

nihil aeque eos terruit quam robur et color imperatoris,

Liv. 28, 26, 14, 5, 6, 11; so 5, 3, 4; 31, 1, 3;

in navibus posita aeque quam in aedificiis,

Plin. 2, 81, 83, § 196; so 2, 70, 72, § 180; Tac. A. 14, 38; id. H. 2, 10; 4, 52; Suet. Aug. 64, 89; id. Galb. 4 al.—

Aeque—ut, a rare combination, and unworthy of imitation (in authors of the class. per. its reception rests, for the most part, upon false readings for aeque et or aeque ac), as much as, like, cui nihil aeque in causis agendis ut brevitas placet, Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 1 Keil. accinctus aeque ut discinctus, Vulg. 3 Reg. 20, 11. Possidebitis eam (terram) singuli aeque ut frater suus, ib. Ezech. 47, 14:

idemque proficeret aeque ut rosaceum,

Plin. 23, 4, 45, § 89, where Jan reads proficeret quod rosaceum. —In Plaut. once aeque—quasi for the class. aeque ac. quem videam aeque esse maestum quasi dies si dicta sit, Plaut. As. 5, 1, 11 Fleck.—

Sometimes aeque—aeque, as well as, as much as. aeque pauperibus prodest, locupletibus aeque, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 25:

aeque discordiam praepositorum, aeque concordiam subjectis exitiosam,

Tac. Agr. 15.—

The comparison is often to be supplied from the whole sentence or context; hence, aeque stands absol. for aeque ac, etc. (ante-class. freq.; also in Cic. and Liv.), equally, as much as, as: eadem oratio non aeque valet, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4 (from Eurip. Hec. 295: logos... ou tauton sthenei):

satin habes, si feminarum nullast quam aeque diligam?

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 11: Aetna mons non aeque altus, id. Mil. 4, 2, 73; 4, 7, 10; id. Most. 1, 3, 85, etc.; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 32; Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 1; so id. ib. 5, 21; id. Fin. 4, 33, 62:

aeque sons,

Liv. 29, 19, 2;

so 29, 19, 4 al.: aeque non est dubium,

it is as little doubtful, Plin. 2, 15, 13, § 68.—

With omnes, uterque, and definite numerals, to indicate that a thing applies equally to all the objects designated, equally:

non omnia eadem aeque omnibus suavia esse scito,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 51; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 2; so Cic. Off. 2, 8, 31; id. Fin. 4, 27, 75 al.:

etsi utrique nostrum prope aeque gratae erant (litterae),

id. Fam. 13, 18; so id. Quint. 28, 86; Verg. G. 3, 118; Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 33; id. Fast. 1, 226:

aeque ambo pares,

Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 60:

duae trabes aeque longae,

Caes. B. C. 2, 10; Suet. Aug. 101. —

Sometimes absol., with several substantives, alike, equally:

Tragici et comici Numquam aeque sunt meditati,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 4. imperium bonus ignavus aeque sibi exoptant, Sall. C. 11.—

In Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 42, nec est mihi quisquam, melius aeque cui velim, melius velle is, perhaps, to be taken together as a phrase, and the comp. considered as used in a restricted sense, as in melius est. Others consider the comp. as used for the simple positive; cf. adaeque.—

Justly, with equity:

mihi id aeque factum arbitror,

Plaut. Mil. 5, 22 dub. (Ritschl: jureque id factum arbitror).— Comp.: ferro quam fame aequius perituros, more willingly, Sall. H. Fragm.— Sup.:

aequissime jus dicere,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 11, 2:

judicas ut qui aequissime,

Sid. 15, Ep. 11.

form, aequĭter, also occurs: praeda per participes aequiter partita est, Liv. Andr. ap. Non. 512, 31; so Pac. ib., Att. ib., and Plaut. acc. to Prisc. 1010 P.

quĕ (lengthened in arsis by the poets, like the Gr. te:

Faunique Satyrique,

Ov. M. 1, 193; 4, 10; 5, 484; Verg. A. 3, 91 al.), conj. enclitic [kindr. with Gr. te, ke, and Sanscr. ca, the same], a copulative particle affixed to the word it annexes. According to Dräger (Hist. Synt. Th. 3, p. 32), it is, in archaic and official language, preferred to et, from which it is distinguished by denoting a closer connection. It is used,

Singly, to effect,

Co-ordination of words,

Of cognate meaning:

fames sitisque,

Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 37:

augeri amplificarique,

id. ib. 1, 11, 38:

admirabilis incredibilisque,

id. ib. 3, 22, 74:

fuga pavorque,

Liv. 29, 25:

cibus victusque,

id. 2, 35:

concilium coetusque,

Cic. Sen. 23, 84:

res rationesque,

Plaut. Am. prol. 4:

blandimenta voluptatis otiique,

Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1:

extremum summumque supplicium,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 66, § 169:

imperio auspicioque,

Curt. 5, 1, 1:

carus acceptusque,

Sall. J. 12, 3:

jus fasque,

Liv. 8, 5. —

Esp. in phrases like longe longeque,

Cic. Fin. 2, 21, 68; Hor. S. 1, 6, 18:

longe multumque,

Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 40:

saepe diuque,

Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 1. — With comp.:

plus plusque,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 10:

magis magisque,

id. Ps. 4, 7, 116:

minus minusque,

id. Aul. prol. 18; with personal and possessive pronouns:

me meosque,

Plaut. Bacch. 8, 4, 6:

ipse meique,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 65;

and in archaic formulae: potes pollesque,

Liv. 1, 24:

vivunt vigentque,

id. 25, 38. —

Of contrasted meaning:

jus nefasque,

Hor. Epod. 5, 87: longe lateque, Naev. ap. Non. p. 503:

cominus eminusque,

Liv. 31, 24:

ultro citroque,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 66, § 170:

terrā marique,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 25:

ferro ignique,

Cic. Phil. 11, 14, 37:

pace belloque,

Liv. 2, 1:

belli domique,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 230:

domi ferisque,

Sall. J. 85, 3:

tempus locusque,

Liv. 1, 9:

parvis magnisque,

Plaut. Ps. 771:

floribus coronisque,

flowers loose and bound up, Curt. 4, 4, 5. —

Adding a detail or explanation (not in Cic.).

General:

fratres consanguineosque,

Caes. B. G. 1, 33:

largitiones temeritatisque invitamenta,

Liv. 2, 42:

ad tempus non venit, metusque rem impediebat,

Sall. J. 70, 5:

a fallaci equitum specie agasonibusque,

Liv. 7, 15, 7: Graeco peregrinoque sermone, Just. praef. 1. —

Special to general:

arma tantum ferrumque in dextris,

Liv. 5, 42, 8. —

General to special:

nostra consilia quaeque in castris gerantur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 17:

obsides daturos quaeque imperasset facturos,

id. ib. 4, 27:

regno fortunisque omnibus expulit,

Sall. J. 14, 2:

Baliares levemque armaturam,

Liv. 21, 55.—

Introducing an explanatory clause, and so (Liv.):

fretusque his animis Aeneas,

Liv. 1, 2:

Sabinusque,

id. 1, 45. —

In an answer (very rare):

Ain heri nos adventisse huc? Aio, adveniensque ilico me salutasti,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 167.—

Equivalent to quoque only in hodieque (not before Velleius):

quae hodieque appellatur Ionia,

Vell. 1, 4, 3:

quae hodieque celebres sunt,

id. 2, 8, 3:

in Abydi gymnasio colitur hodieque,

Plin. 2, 58, 59, § 150:

et hodieque reliquiae durant,

id. 8, 45, 70, § 176:

sunt clari hodieque,

Quint. 10, 1, 94. —

Connecting final member of a clause:

fauste, feliciter, prospereque,

Cic. Mur. 1, 1 fin.:

ab honore, famā fortunisque,

id. ib. 1, 1 fin.:

pacem, tranquillitatem, otium concordiamque afferat,

id. ib. 1, 1. —

In transition to a new subject or thought:

quoniamque ea natura esset hominis,

Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 67:

discriptioque sacerdotum nullum justae religionis genus praetermittit,

id. Leg. 2, 12, 30; v. Madv. ad. Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 73.—

Repeated, que... que.

Both... and (not in Cæs., once in Cic.; v. Zumpt, Gram. § 338), co-ordinating,

Similar notions:

quasque incepistis res, quasque inceptabitis,

Plaut. Am. prol. 7:

risusque jocosque,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 98.—

Contrasted notions:

meque teque,

Asin. 3, 2, 31: mores veteresque novosque tenentem, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4:

mittuntque feruntque,

Ov. M. 12, 495:

noctesque diesque,

Cic. Fin. 1, 16, 51.—

Esp. when one or both of the words are pronouns:

seque remque publicam curabant,

Sall. C. 9, 3:

quique in urbe erant, quosque acciverant,

Liv. 1, 55:

quique exissent, quique ibi mansissent,

id. 25, 22.—

Que... que, and... and, the first que referring to a previous clause: singulasque res definimus, circumscripteque [p. 1509] complectimur, Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 147.—

More than twice.

Que... que... que:

quod mihique eraeque filiaeque erili est,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 3:

regnaque tristia, Divosque mortalesque turbas regit,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 46.—

Four times, Sil. 2, 444;

five times,

Verg. G. 3, 344;

seven times,

Ov. M. 9, 691.—

Followed by other conjunctions.

Que... et (not in Cic., Cæs., Suet., or Nep.):

peregrique et domi,

Plaut. Am. prol. 5:

deus, qui quae nos gerimus auditque et videt,

id. Capt. 2, 2, 63:

seque et oppidum tradat,

Sall. J. 26, 1:

illosque et Sullam,

id. ib. 104, 1:

signaque et ordines,

Liv. 2, 59; 1, 43, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.:

legatique et tribuni,

id. 29, 22:

in formulam jurisque et dicionis,

id. 26, 24:

omnes gentesque et terrae,

id. 21, 30, 2 (v. Fabri ad loc.):

Arpinique et Romani,

id. 24, 47:

seque et arma,

Curt. 8, 4, 15:

seque et delatores,

Tac. Agr. 42.—

Que... et... et:

Romanique et Macedones et socii,

Liv. 44, 29:

seque et arma et equos,

Tac. Agr. 18:

seque et domum et pacem,

id. A. 1, 4; 12, 37. —

Que... ac (rare, not earlier than Verg.):

satisque ac super,

Ov. M. 4, 429:

minusque ac minus,

Liv. 26, 17:

oculisque ac mente turbatus,

id. 7, 26:

posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,

Verg. G. 1, 182:

seque ac liberos suos,

Tac. H. 3, 63:

opibusque atque honoribus,

id. ib. 4, 34. —

Que... ac... et:

in quos seque ac conjuges et liberos condunt,

Curt. 5, 6, 17. —

Que... et... ac, Liv. 35, 41. —

Following a conjunction, et... que: paratissimi et ab exercitu reliquisque rebus, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, a, 5:

id et singulis universisque honori fuisse,

Liv. 4, 2 (Weissenb. et id);

occasionally in Cic. (through negligence, acc. to Madvig): igitur et Epaminondas... Themistoclesque,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 2, 4:

officia et servata praetermissaque,

id. Ac. 1, 10, 37.—

Que nearly equivalent to autem, sed..., but (not in Cæs.):

studio ad rempublicam latus sum ibique multa mihi advorsa fuere,

but there, Sall. C. 3, 3.—Mostly after a negative:

Socrates nec patronum quaesivit nec judicibus supplex fuit, adhibuitque liberam contumaciam,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Cat. 2, 13, 28 fin.:

qui non temere movendam rem tantam expectandosque ex Hispaniā legatos censerent,

Liv. 21, 6, 7:

quae neque dant flammas lenique vapore cremantur,

Ov. M. 2, 811.—

Que is usually appended to the first word of the phrase, but to a noun rather than to a monosyllabic preposition governing it, unless the preposition is repeated:

de provinciāque,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 20, § 48:

per vimque,

id. Phil. 5, 4, 10; cf.:

ab iisque,

id. Tusc. 5, 33, 94:

sub occasumque solis,

Caes. B. G. 2, 11.—

Exceptions are to be found, especially in Liv.: proque ignoto,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 10:

exque eo tempore,

Cic. Off. 2, 23, 80; 1, 34, 122:

inque eam rem,

id. Rosc. Am. 39, 114:

inque eo exercitu,

id. Sest. 18, 41:

inque eam rem,

Caes. B. G. 5, 36; Liv. 10, 37, 15; 40, 57, 5; Tac. A. 15, 45:

cumque eis,

Sall. C. 6, 1:

proque,

Liv. 4, 26, 9; 6, 26, 5; 30, 18, 2:

deque praedā,

id. 23, 11, 3:

perque,

id. 1, 49, 5; 3, 6, 7; 5, 36, 7:

transque,

id. 22, 41, 7:

aque,

Ov. Am. 2, 14, 30:

eque,

Verg. E. 7, 13; Val. Max. 1, 5, 3:

exque eo,

Cels. 7, 27:

perque somnum,

id. 2, 5.—And where the same preposition is repeated que is regularly joined to it:

haec de se, deque provinciā,

Liv. 26, 28, 3; 22, 59, 16; 29, 23, 10; 31, 5, 4;

38, 35, 7: de matrimonio Agrippinae, deque Neronis adoptione,

Suet. Claud. 43 init.:

per senectutem tuam, perque eam, quam, etc.,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 3. —

Where the preposition is dissyllabic it regularly takes the que: interque eos,

Liv. 2, 20, 8; 5, 49, 7:

sine scutis sineque ferro,

Cic. Caecin. 23, 64. —

It is rarely annexed to the second word of the clause, when the first word is an adverb: tantos tam praecipitisque casus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 4, 13:

tanto tam immensoque campo,

id. ib. 3, 31, 124 al.—In class. Latin que is not appended to hic, sic, nunc, huc, etc. (v. Madv. ad. Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 40):

hucque et illuc,

Tac. A. 13, 37; 15, 38: tuncque id. ib. 6, 7 (1);

14, 15.—Que is often misplaced by the poets, especially by Tibullus and Propertius in the latter part of the pentameter: Messallam terrā dum sequiturque mari,

Tib. 1, 3, 56:

ferratam Danaes transiliamque domum,

Prop. 2, 16, 11.

tantus, a, um, adj. [perh. for tavantus; cf. Sanscr. tāvant, so great; Gr. teôs, i. e. teWôs].

Of such size or measure, so great in amount, extent, value, degree, etc. (as some standard expressed or understood); usually with a foll. quantus, ut, qui, or absol.; rarely quam.

With [p. 1841] quantus:

nullam (contionem) umquam vidi tantam, quanta nunc vestrum est,

Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 18:

quae tanta sunt in hoc uno, quanta in omnibus reliquis imperatoribus,

id. Imp. Pomp. 11, 29:

est alienum tanto viro, quantus es tu, non posse, etc.,

id. ad Brut. 1, 9, 1:

tantam eorum multitudinem nostri interfecerunt, quantum fuit diei spatium,

Caes. B. G. 2, 11; cf.:

quamquam Demaden continua dicendi exercitatio potuerit tantum, quantuluscumque postea fuit, fecisse,

Quint. 2, 17, 12; Cic. Lael. 20, 74; Sall. C. 58, 2.—

With ut.

Denoting result or consequence; with subj.:

tanta erat operis firmitudo, ut, etc.,

Caes. B G 4, 17:

non fuit tantus homo Sex. Roscius in civitate, ut, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 43, 125;

unum hoc definio, tantam esse necessitatem virtutis... ut, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 1, 1:

quod ego tantum nefas commisi, ut hanc vicem saevitiae meae redderes?

Curt. 4, 10, 29:

quod tantum cogitavi nefas, ut dignior Philotas me videretur?

id. 6, 7, 30.—

Denoting comparison:

tantā modestiā dicto audiens fuit, ut si privatus esset,

Nep. Ages. 4, 2.—

With rel. qui, etc.:

cave putes aut mare ullum aut flammam esse tantam, quam non facilius sit sedare quam, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 42, 65:

statuerunt, tantum illud esse maleficium, quod, etc.,

id. Sull. 2, 7:

nulla est tanta vis, quae non ferro frangi possit,

id. Marcell. 3, 8.—

Without correlation (esp. freq. in exclamations, etc.) ita tanta mira in aedibus sunt facta, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 5:

tanta factis modo mira miris modis, etc.,

id. Cas. 3, 5, 5:

qui tantus natu deorum nescis nomina,

id. Bacch. 1, 2, 15:

neque solum in tantis rebus, sed etiam in mediocribus vel studiis vel officiis,

id. Rep. 1, 3, 4:

tantilla tanta verba funditat,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 61. hocine mihi ob labores tantos tantillum dari, id. Truc. 2, 6, 56:

ne tantae nationes conjugantur,

Caes. B. G. 3, 11:

onus,

id. ib. 2, 30 in tantis motionibus tantisque vicissitudinibus, tam multarum rerum atque tantarum ordinious, Cic. N D. 2, 5, 15:

non idem sentio tanta hac in re tamque immensa posse fieri,

id. de Or 2, 20, 84:

qui tantas et tam infinitas pecunias repudiarit,

id. Rosc. Com. 8, 24:

tot tantaque vitia,

id. Verr 1, 16, 47:

quae faceres in hominem tantum et talem,

id. Fam. 13, 66, 1; cf.:

conservare urbes tantas atque tales,

id. N. D. 3, 38, 92, so too, with talis, id. Fam. 15, 4, 14, id. Phil. 2, 29, 71:

tanta ista mala,

Sall. C. 40, 2;

Liv 31, 9: neque tanto tractu se colligit anguis,

Verg. G. 2, 154:

tantorum ingentia septem Terga boum,

id. A. 5, 404; Curt. 3, 1, 10; 3, 3, 28; 4, 1, 1:

sexcenta tanta reddam, si vivo, tibi,

six hundred times as much, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 111; so,

sexcenta tanta,

id. Ps. 2, 2, 37:

tribus tantis illi minus redit quam obseveris,

three times as much less, id. Trin. 2, 4, 129:

jam non quaero, unde tantam Melitensem vestem habueris,

such a great quantity of, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 183:

si in uno corpore tantarum rerum gubernationem mens humana possidet,

Lact. 1, 3, 21.—

With quam:

maria aspera juro, Non ullum pro me tantum cepisse timorem, Quam, etc.,

Verg. A. 6, 352 (cf. infra, B. 2.).—With a partit. gen.:

tantus ille ventorum,

Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 121 (dub.; Jahn, ventus).—

Esp. in phrase tantō ŏpĕre; freq. as one word, tantŏpĕre, so greatly, in so high a degree, so very, etc. (class. and freq.):

cur tanto opere extimueras?

Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 92, cf.:

si studia Graecorum vos tanto opere delectant,

Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30; Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 2; id. Ep. 1, 2, 31; Ter. And. 5, 2, 27; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 38; Caes. B. G. 7, 52; Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 21; id. Mur. 10, 23; id. de Or. 1, 35, 164 al.—In an inverted order:

mirum est, me, ut redeam, te opere tanto quaesere,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 1.—

Transf., so many ( = tot; mostly poet.):

tantae Coëunt in proelia gentes,

Val. Fl. 5, 636:

lamentabile tantis urbibus,

Stat. Th. 11, 160:

legatum valet in tantos quanti inveniantur,

Dig. 30, 1, 65.— Sing.:

numquam tanto se vulture caelum Induit,

Luc. 7, 834. —

tantum, so much, so many:

habere tantum molestiae quantum gloriae...ut tantum nobis, quantum ipsi superesse posset, remitteret,

Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

decutio argenti tantum, quantum mihi lubet,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 3, 4:

iis adposuit tantum, quod satis esset, nullo adparatu,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 91: tantum complectitur, quod satis sit modicae palaestrae, id. Leg. 2, 3, 6:

eo indito cumini fricti tantum, quod oleat,

Cato, R. R. 156, 3 (cf.: tantum quod, s. v. tantum, adv. B. 2. b.): Ch. Coactus reddidit ducentos et mille Philippum. Ni. Tantum debuit, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 38: nec tantum Karthago habuisset opum, Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 526 (1, 48, 3 B. and K.):

cum tantum belli in manibus esset,

Liv. 4, 57, 1:

sed quid hic tantum hominum incedunt?

Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 5:

tantum hostium intra muros est,

Liv. 3, 17, 4 et saep.:

sexies tantum, quam quantum satum sit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 43, § 102; cf.:

etiamsi alterum tantum perdundum est, perdam, etc.,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 81 (v. alter):

tantum... dum,

Liv. 27, 42, 12; cf.:

tantum modo... dum,

Sall. J. 53, 3: tantum abest, ut, etc. (v. absum). —

In colloquial lang.: tantum est, that is all, nothing more, etc.:

vos rogat, ut, etc. Tantum est. Valete,

Plaut. Trin. prol. 22; so id. Cas. prol. 87: Lo. Numquid amplius? Ly. Tantum est, id. Merc. 2, 2, 12; Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 26; id. Hec. 5, 3, 15.—

Gen. (of price) tanti:

tanti, quanti poscit, vin' tanti illam emi?

Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 22; cf.:

tanti est, quanti est fungus putidus,

it is worth as much as, is worth no more than, id. Bacch. 4, 7, 23:

frumentum tanti fuit, quanti iste aestimavit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194:

ubi me dixero dare tanti,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 49:

graviter increpuit, tanti habitare censorem,

in so costly a house, Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 3. —

Trop.: est tanti (alicui), to be worth so much; to be valued, prized, or esteemed so highly; to be of such consequence or importance:

tanti ejus apud se gratiam esse ostendit, uti, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20: tanti non fuit Arsacen capere, ut, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 1:

hoc tanti fuit vertere, ut, etc.,

Quint. 1, 6, 38: est mihi tanti, Quirites, hujus invidiae tempestatem subire, dummodo a vobis hujus belli periculum depellatur, it is worth this price to me, i. e. I esteem it a light thing, Cic. Cat. 2, 7, 15; cf.:

sed est tanti (sc.: invidiam istam mihi impendere), dummodo,

id. ib. 1, 9, 22:

etsi id quidem non tanti est, quam quod propter eosdem, etc.,

id. Mil. 22, 58:

juratus tibi possum dicere, nihil esse tanti, etc.,

id. Att. 2, 13, 2:

cum dicturis tanti suae non sint (actiones),

Quint. 12, 8, 4:

sunt o! sunt jurgia tanti,

Ov. M. 2, 424 et saep.—

Abl. (with comparatives) tantō, by so much, so much the:

quanto erat in dies gravior oppugnatio, tanto crebriores litterae nuntiique ad Caesarem mittebantur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 45; cf.:

quantum opere processerant, tanto aberant ab aquā longius,

id. B. C. 1, 81:

tanto major vis, quanto recentior,

Plin. 9, 38, 62, § 133:

reperietis quinquies tanto amplius istum quam quantum, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 97, § 225:

tantone minoris decumae venierunt quam fuerunt?

id. ib. 2, 3, 45, § 106 et saep.: bis tanto amici sunt inter se quam prius, twice as much, twice as good, dis tosôi, Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 62:

bis tanto pluris,

id. Men. 4, 3, 6:

ter tanto pejor,

id. Pers. 1, 3, 73:

multo tanto miserior,

id. Rud. 2, 6, 37:

si Cleomenes non tanto ante fugisset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 89:

post tanto,

Verg. G. 3, 476; Curt. 6, 7, 26.— Rarely with verbs denoting comparison:

tanto praestitit ceteros imperatores, quan to populus Romanus antecedit fortitudine cunctas nationes,

Nep. Hann. 1, 1; Ov. M. 13, 368; cf.:

doctrinis tanto antecessit condiscipulos, ut, etc.,

Nep. Epam. 2, 2.— Poet. with sup.:

tanto pessimus omnium poëta, Quanto tu optimus omnium patronus,

Cat. 49, 6.—

In colloquial lang.: tanto melior! so much the better! well done! good! excellent! bravo! etc.: To. Omnes sycophantias instruxi et comparavi, quo pacto ab lenone auferam hoc argentum. Sa. Tanto melior! Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 24; cf. Sen. Ep. 31;

so too: tanto melior,

Plaut. Truc. 5, 61; Phaedr. 3, 5, 3:

tanto hercle melior,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 38:

tanto major! tanto augustior!

how great! how noble! Plin. Pan. 71, 4:

tanto nequior!

so much the worse! that is bad! Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 12; cf. Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 84; so,

tanto miserior,

id. Stich. 5, 5, 8.—

In tantum, so far, so much, to such a degree, so greatly:

danti in tantum producenda notitia est muneris sui, in quantum delectatura est eum, cui datur,

Sen. Ben. 2, 23; Col. 12, 24, 1:

quaedam aquae fervent in tantum, ut non possint esse usui,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 24, 1: humum in tantum deprimere, donec altitudinis mensuram datam ceperit, Col. 3, 13, 9:

in tantum suam felicitatem virtutemque enituisse,

Liv. 22, 27.

Since tantus conveys only the idea of relative greatness, it may also be used (with a foll. ut) to denote a small amount, degree, extent, etc.; hence, of such a quantity or quality, such, so small, so slight or trivial; in the neutr., so little, so few (rare but class.):

ceterarum provinciarum vectigalia tanta sunt, ut iis ad ipsas provincias tutandas vix contenti esse possimus,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; id. Fam. 1, 7, 4: si bellum tantum erit, ut vos aut successores sustinere possint, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 3:

praesidii tantum est, ut ne murus quidem cingi possit,

Caes. B. G. 6, 35:

tantum navium,

id. B. C. 3, 2.—Hence, tantum, adv.

So much, so greatly, to such a degree, so:

tantum, quantum quis fuge,

as quickly as possible, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 94:

de quo tantum, quantum me amas, velim cogites,

Cic. Att. 12, 18, 1:

id tantum abest ab officio, ut, etc.,

so far, id. Off. 1, 14, 43:

rex tantum auctoritate ejus motus est, ut, etc.,

Nep. Con. 4, 1:

tantum progressus a castris, ut dimicaturum appareret,

Liv. 37, 39, 6:

tantumque ibi moratus, dum, etc.,

so long, id. 27, 42, 13:

tantum ad narrandum argumentum adest benignitas,

Plaut. Men. prol. 16:

ne miremini, quā ratione hic tantum apud istum libertus potuerit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, § 134:

nullo tantum se Mysia cultu Jactat,

Verg. G. 1, 102.—With adjj. (mostly poet.):

nec tantum dulcia, quantum Et liquida,

Verg. G. 4, 101:

juventus Non tantum Veneris quantum studiosa culinae,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 80:

tantum dissimilis,

id. ib. 2, 3, 313:

Marius quantum bello optimus, tantum pace pessimus,

Vell. 2, 11, 1.—

(Acc. to tantus, II.; and therefore, prop., only so much, so little; hence) Only, alone, merely, but:

tantum monet, quantum intellegit,

only so much, Cic. Tusc. 2, 19, 44:

tantum in latitudinem patebat, quantum loci acies instructa occupare poterat,

Caes. B. G. 2, 8:

quod haec tantum, quantum sensu movetur...se accommodat, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 4, 11:

Socratem tantum de vitā et de moribus solitum esse quaerere,

id. Rep. 1, 10, 16:

nomen tantum virtutis usurpas,

id. Par. 2, 17:

dixit tantum: nihil ostendit, nihil protulit,

id. Fl. 15, 34:

notus mihi nomine tantum,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 3:

apte dicere non elocutionis tantum genere constat, sed, etc.,

Quint. 11, 1, 7; so,

non tantum... sed,

id. 9, 3, 28:

nec tantum... sed (etiam),

id. 3, 8, 33; 9, 3, 78; 11, 2, 5.—So with unus (mostly post-Aug.;

once in Cic.): excepit unum tantum: scire se nihil se scire, nihil amplius,

Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:

unum flumen tantum intererat,

Caes. B. C. 3, 19:

unum defuisse tantum superbiae,

Liv. 6, 16, 5; 21, 50, 6; 34, 9, 5; Just. 8, 5, 5; Cels. 5, 28, 14; Tac. A. 15, 1; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120.—

Strengthened by modo, and also joined with it in one word, tantummŏdo (freq. and class.;

whereas solummodo is only post-Aug., v. h. v.): homines populariter annum tantummodo solis, id est unius astri reditu metiuntur,

Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

ut tantummodo per stirpes alantur suas,

id. N. D. 2, 32, 81:

cum tantummodo potestatem gustandi feceris,

id. Rep. 2, 28, 51:

omnis ea judicatio versatur tantummodo in nomine,

id. ib. 4, 6, 6:

pedites tantummodo umeris ac summo pectore exstare (ut possent),

Caes. B. C. 1, 62:

velis tantummodo,

you have only to wish it, Hor. S. 1, 9, 54:

unum hoc tantummodo, neque praeterea quicquam, etc.,

Suet. Tib. 11 et saep.:

neque eum oratorem tantummodo, sed hominem non putant,

Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 52:

neque e silvis tantummodo promota castra, sed etiam... in campos delata acies,

Liv. 9, 37, 2:

Cn. Scipionem misit non ad tuendos tantummodo veteres socios, sed etiam ad pellendum Hispaniā Hasdrubalem,

id. 21, 32, 4; so,

non tantummodo... sed etiam,

Sen. Polyb. 15, 3; id. Ot. Sap. 3, 5; 5, 4; Front. Ep. ad Verr. p. 124:

non tantummodo... sed... quoque,

Vell. 2, 110, 5:

non tantummodo... verum etiam,

Aug. Ep. 162, 1; id. Grat. Christ. 14: non... tantum, with ellips. of sed, not only (but much more), Ov. Am. 1, 4, 63; cf.:

rem atrocem nec tantum epistulā dignam,

Plin. Ep. 3, 14; Juv. 1, 131.—

Particular phrases.

Tantum non, analog. to the Gr. monon ouk, to [p. 1842] point out an action as only not, i. e. very nearly, completed, almost, all but, very nearly (perh. not ante-Aug.; in Cic. Att. 14, 5, 2, Baiter reads tantummodo):

cum agger promotus ad urbem vineaeque tantum non jam injunctae moenibus essent,

Liv. 5, 7, 2:

tantum non jam captam Lacedaemonem esse,

id. 34, 40, 5:

tantum non ad portam bellum esse,

id. 25, 15, 1:

videt Romanos tantum non jam circumveniri a dextro cornu,

id. 37, 29, 9:

cum hostes tantum non arcessierint,

id. 4, 2, 12 Drak.:

tantum non adversis tempestatibus Rhodum enavigavit,

Suet. Tib. 11:

tantum non statim a funere,

id. ib. 52:

tantum non summam malorum suorum professus est,

id. ib. 66:

tantum non in ipso ejus consulatu,

id. Dom. 15 et saep.—But in many cases non belongs to the verb, and not to tantum:

tantum non cunctandum neque cessandum esse,

only there must be no delay, Liv. 35, 18, 8:

dictator bello ita gesto, ut tantum non defuisse fortunae videretur,

id. 4, 57, 8 Drak.; cf.:

ut qui per haec vicit, tantum non defuisse sibi advocatum sciat,

Quint. 6, 2, 4.—

Tantum quod, denoting immediate nearness in point of time, only, just, but just, just then, hardly, scarcely (class.):

tantum quod ex Arpinati veneram, cum mihi a te litterae redditae sunt,

Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 1:

tantum quod ultimam imposuerat Pannonico bello Caesar manum, cum, etc.,

Vell. 2, 117, 1:

haec cum scriberem, tantum quod existimabam ad te orationem esse perlatam,

Cic. Att. 15, 13, 7:

navis Alexandrina, quae tantum quod appulerat,

Suet. Aug. 98:

natus est XVIII. Cal. Jan. tantum quod oriente sole,

id. Ner. 6:

tantum quod pueritiam egresso,

id. Aug. 63:

dentem tantum quod exemptum,

id. Vesp. 5 (but in Liv. 22, 2, 9; 33, 4, 6; Amm. 27, 5, 4, the quod belongs not to tantum, but to the following verb):

tantum alone = tantum quod,

Verg. E. 6, 16. —

Tantum quod non, only that not, nothing is wanting but:

tantum quod hominem non nominat: causam quidem totam perscribit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116.

tantus, a, um, adj. [perh. for tavantus; cf. Sanscr. tāvant, so great; Gr. teôs, i. e. teWôs].

Of such size or measure, so great in amount, extent, value, degree, etc. (as some standard expressed or understood); usually with a foll. quantus, ut, qui, or absol.; rarely quam.

With [p. 1841] quantus:

nullam (contionem) umquam vidi tantam, quanta nunc vestrum est,

Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 18:

quae tanta sunt in hoc uno, quanta in omnibus reliquis imperatoribus,

id. Imp. Pomp. 11, 29:

est alienum tanto viro, quantus es tu, non posse, etc.,

id. ad Brut. 1, 9, 1:

tantam eorum multitudinem nostri interfecerunt, quantum fuit diei spatium,

Caes. B. G. 2, 11; cf.:

quamquam Demaden continua dicendi exercitatio potuerit tantum, quantuluscumque postea fuit, fecisse,

Quint. 2, 17, 12; Cic. Lael. 20, 74; Sall. C. 58, 2.—

With ut.

Denoting result or consequence; with subj.:

tanta erat operis firmitudo, ut, etc.,

Caes. B G 4, 17:

non fuit tantus homo Sex. Roscius in civitate, ut, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 43, 125;

unum hoc definio, tantam esse necessitatem virtutis... ut, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 1, 1:

quod ego tantum nefas commisi, ut hanc vicem saevitiae meae redderes?

Curt. 4, 10, 29:

quod tantum cogitavi nefas, ut dignior Philotas me videretur?

id. 6, 7, 30.—

Denoting comparison:

tantā modestiā dicto audiens fuit, ut si privatus esset,

Nep. Ages. 4, 2.—

With rel. qui, etc.:

cave putes aut mare ullum aut flammam esse tantam, quam non facilius sit sedare quam, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 42, 65:

statuerunt, tantum illud esse maleficium, quod, etc.,

id. Sull. 2, 7:

nulla est tanta vis, quae non ferro frangi possit,

id. Marcell. 3, 8.—

Without correlation (esp. freq. in exclamations, etc.) ita tanta mira in aedibus sunt facta, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 5:

tanta factis modo mira miris modis, etc.,

id. Cas. 3, 5, 5:

qui tantus natu deorum nescis nomina,

id. Bacch. 1, 2, 15:

neque solum in tantis rebus, sed etiam in mediocribus vel studiis vel officiis,

id. Rep. 1, 3, 4:

tantilla tanta verba funditat,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 61. hocine mihi ob labores tantos tantillum dari, id. Truc. 2, 6, 56:

ne tantae nationes conjugantur,

Caes. B. G. 3, 11:

onus,

id. ib. 2, 30 in tantis motionibus tantisque vicissitudinibus, tam multarum rerum atque tantarum ordinious, Cic. N D. 2, 5, 15:

non idem sentio tanta hac in re tamque immensa posse fieri,

id. de Or 2, 20, 84:

qui tantas et tam infinitas pecunias repudiarit,

id. Rosc. Com. 8, 24:

tot tantaque vitia,

id. Verr 1, 16, 47:

quae faceres in hominem tantum et talem,

id. Fam. 13, 66, 1; cf.:

conservare urbes tantas atque tales,

id. N. D. 3, 38, 92, so too, with talis, id. Fam. 15, 4, 14, id. Phil. 2, 29, 71:

tanta ista mala,

Sall. C. 40, 2;

Liv 31, 9: neque tanto tractu se colligit anguis,

Verg. G. 2, 154:

tantorum ingentia septem Terga boum,

id. A. 5, 404; Curt. 3, 1, 10; 3, 3, 28; 4, 1, 1:

sexcenta tanta reddam, si vivo, tibi,

six hundred times as much, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 111; so,

sexcenta tanta,

id. Ps. 2, 2, 37:

tribus tantis illi minus redit quam obseveris,

three times as much less, id. Trin. 2, 4, 129:

jam non quaero, unde tantam Melitensem vestem habueris,

such a great quantity of, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 183:

si in uno corpore tantarum rerum gubernationem mens humana possidet,

Lact. 1, 3, 21.—

With quam:

maria aspera juro, Non ullum pro me tantum cepisse timorem, Quam, etc.,

Verg. A. 6, 352 (cf. infra, B. 2.).—With a partit. gen.:

tantus ille ventorum,

Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 121 (dub.; Jahn, ventus).—

Esp. in phrase tantō ŏpĕre; freq. as one word, tantŏpĕre, so greatly, in so high a degree, so very, etc. (class. and freq.):

cur tanto opere extimueras?

Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 92, cf.:

si studia Graecorum vos tanto opere delectant,

Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30; Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 2; id. Ep. 1, 2, 31; Ter. And. 5, 2, 27; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 38; Caes. B. G. 7, 52; Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 21; id. Mur. 10, 23; id. de Or. 1, 35, 164 al.—In an inverted order:

mirum est, me, ut redeam, te opere tanto quaesere,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 1.—

Transf., so many ( = tot; mostly poet.):

tantae Coëunt in proelia gentes,

Val. Fl. 5, 636:

lamentabile tantis urbibus,

Stat. Th. 11, 160:

legatum valet in tantos quanti inveniantur,

Dig. 30, 1, 65.— Sing.:

numquam tanto se vulture caelum Induit,

Luc. 7, 834. —

tantum, so much, so many:

habere tantum molestiae quantum gloriae...ut tantum nobis, quantum ipsi superesse posset, remitteret,

Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

decutio argenti tantum, quantum mihi lubet,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 3, 4:

iis adposuit tantum, quod satis esset, nullo adparatu,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 91: tantum complectitur, quod satis sit modicae palaestrae, id. Leg. 2, 3, 6:

eo indito cumini fricti tantum, quod oleat,

Cato, R. R. 156, 3 (cf.: tantum quod, s. v. tantum, adv. B. 2. b.): Ch. Coactus reddidit ducentos et mille Philippum. Ni. Tantum debuit, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 38: nec tantum Karthago habuisset opum, Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 526 (1, 48, 3 B. and K.):

cum tantum belli in manibus esset,

Liv. 4, 57, 1:

sed quid hic tantum hominum incedunt?

Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 5:

tantum hostium intra muros est,

Liv. 3, 17, 4 et saep.:

sexies tantum, quam quantum satum sit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 43, § 102; cf.:

etiamsi alterum tantum perdundum est, perdam, etc.,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 81 (v. alter):

tantum... dum,

Liv. 27, 42, 12; cf.:

tantum modo... dum,

Sall. J. 53, 3: tantum abest, ut, etc. (v. absum). —

In colloquial lang.: tantum est, that is all, nothing more, etc.:

vos rogat, ut, etc. Tantum est. Valete,

Plaut. Trin. prol. 22; so id. Cas. prol. 87: Lo. Numquid amplius? Ly. Tantum est, id. Merc. 2, 2, 12; Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 26; id. Hec. 5, 3, 15.—

Gen. (of price) tanti:

tanti, quanti poscit, vin' tanti illam emi?

Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 22; cf.:

tanti est, quanti est fungus putidus,

it is worth as much as, is worth no more than, id. Bacch. 4, 7, 23:

frumentum tanti fuit, quanti iste aestimavit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194:

ubi me dixero dare tanti,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 49:

graviter increpuit, tanti habitare censorem,

in so costly a house, Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 3. —

Trop.: est tanti (alicui), to be worth so much; to be valued, prized, or esteemed so highly; to be of such consequence or importance:

tanti ejus apud se gratiam esse ostendit, uti, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20: tanti non fuit Arsacen capere, ut, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 1:

hoc tanti fuit vertere, ut, etc.,

Quint. 1, 6, 38: est mihi tanti, Quirites, hujus invidiae tempestatem subire, dummodo a vobis hujus belli periculum depellatur, it is worth this price to me, i. e. I esteem it a light thing, Cic. Cat. 2, 7, 15; cf.:

sed est tanti (sc.: invidiam istam mihi impendere), dummodo,

id. ib. 1, 9, 22:

etsi id quidem non tanti est, quam quod propter eosdem, etc.,

id. Mil. 22, 58:

juratus tibi possum dicere, nihil esse tanti, etc.,

id. Att. 2, 13, 2:

cum dicturis tanti suae non sint (actiones),

Quint. 12, 8, 4:

sunt o! sunt jurgia tanti,

Ov. M. 2, 424 et saep.—

Abl. (with comparatives) tantō, by so much, so much the:

quanto erat in dies gravior oppugnatio, tanto crebriores litterae nuntiique ad Caesarem mittebantur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 45; cf.:

quantum opere processerant, tanto aberant ab aquā longius,

id. B. C. 1, 81:

tanto major vis, quanto recentior,

Plin. 9, 38, 62, § 133:

reperietis quinquies tanto amplius istum quam quantum, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 97, § 225:

tantone minoris decumae venierunt quam fuerunt?

id. ib. 2, 3, 45, § 106 et saep.: bis tanto amici sunt inter se quam prius, twice as much, twice as good, dis tosôi, Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 62:

bis tanto pluris,

id. Men. 4, 3, 6:

ter tanto pejor,

id. Pers. 1, 3, 73:

multo tanto miserior,

id. Rud. 2, 6, 37:

si Cleomenes non tanto ante fugisset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 89:

post tanto,

Verg. G. 3, 476; Curt. 6, 7, 26.— Rarely with verbs denoting comparison:

tanto praestitit ceteros imperatores, quan to populus Romanus antecedit fortitudine cunctas nationes,

Nep. Hann. 1, 1; Ov. M. 13, 368; cf.:

doctrinis tanto antecessit condiscipulos, ut, etc.,

Nep. Epam. 2, 2.— Poet. with sup.:

tanto pessimus omnium poëta, Quanto tu optimus omnium patronus,

Cat. 49, 6.—

In colloquial lang.: tanto melior! so much the better! well done! good! excellent! bravo! etc.: To. Omnes sycophantias instruxi et comparavi, quo pacto ab lenone auferam hoc argentum. Sa. Tanto melior! Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 24; cf. Sen. Ep. 31;

so too: tanto melior,

Plaut. Truc. 5, 61; Phaedr. 3, 5, 3:

tanto hercle melior,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 38:

tanto major! tanto augustior!

how great! how noble! Plin. Pan. 71, 4:

tanto nequior!

so much the worse! that is bad! Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 12; cf. Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 84; so,

tanto miserior,

id. Stich. 5, 5, 8.—

In tantum, so far, so much, to such a degree, so greatly:

danti in tantum producenda notitia est muneris sui, in quantum delectatura est eum, cui datur,

Sen. Ben. 2, 23; Col. 12, 24, 1:

quaedam aquae fervent in tantum, ut non possint esse usui,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 24, 1: humum in tantum deprimere, donec altitudinis mensuram datam ceperit, Col. 3, 13, 9:

in tantum suam felicitatem virtutemque enituisse,

Liv. 22, 27.

Since tantus conveys only the idea of relative greatness, it may also be used (with a foll. ut) to denote a small amount, degree, extent, etc.; hence, of such a quantity or quality, such, so small, so slight or trivial; in the neutr., so little, so few (rare but class.):

ceterarum provinciarum vectigalia tanta sunt, ut iis ad ipsas provincias tutandas vix contenti esse possimus,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; id. Fam. 1, 7, 4: si bellum tantum erit, ut vos aut successores sustinere possint, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 3:

praesidii tantum est, ut ne murus quidem cingi possit,

Caes. B. G. 6, 35:

tantum navium,

id. B. C. 3, 2.—Hence, tantum, adv.

So much, so greatly, to such a degree, so:

tantum, quantum quis fuge,

as quickly as possible, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 94:

de quo tantum, quantum me amas, velim cogites,

Cic. Att. 12, 18, 1:

id tantum abest ab officio, ut, etc.,

so far, id. Off. 1, 14, 43:

rex tantum auctoritate ejus motus est, ut, etc.,

Nep. Con. 4, 1:

tantum progressus a castris, ut dimicaturum appareret,

Liv. 37, 39, 6:

tantumque ibi moratus, dum, etc.,

so long, id. 27, 42, 13:

tantum ad narrandum argumentum adest benignitas,

Plaut. Men. prol. 16:

ne miremini, quā ratione hic tantum apud istum libertus potuerit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, § 134:

nullo tantum se Mysia cultu Jactat,

Verg. G. 1, 102.—With adjj. (mostly poet.):

nec tantum dulcia, quantum Et liquida,

Verg. G. 4, 101:

juventus Non tantum Veneris quantum studiosa culinae,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 80:

tantum dissimilis,

id. ib. 2, 3, 313:

Marius quantum bello optimus, tantum pace pessimus,

Vell. 2, 11, 1.—

(Acc. to tantus, II.; and therefore, prop., only so much, so little; hence) Only, alone, merely, but:

tantum monet, quantum intellegit,

only so much, Cic. Tusc. 2, 19, 44:

tantum in latitudinem patebat, quantum loci acies instructa occupare poterat,

Caes. B. G. 2, 8:

quod haec tantum, quantum sensu movetur...se accommodat, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 4, 11:

Socratem tantum de vitā et de moribus solitum esse quaerere,

id. Rep. 1, 10, 16:

nomen tantum virtutis usurpas,

id. Par. 2, 17:

dixit tantum: nihil ostendit, nihil protulit,

id. Fl. 15, 34:

notus mihi nomine tantum,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 3:

apte dicere non elocutionis tantum genere constat, sed, etc.,

Quint. 11, 1, 7; so,

non tantum... sed,

id. 9, 3, 28:

nec tantum... sed (etiam),

id. 3, 8, 33; 9, 3, 78; 11, 2, 5.—So with unus (mostly post-Aug.;

once in Cic.): excepit unum tantum: scire se nihil se scire, nihil amplius,

Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:

unum flumen tantum intererat,

Caes. B. C. 3, 19:

unum defuisse tantum superbiae,

Liv. 6, 16, 5; 21, 50, 6; 34, 9, 5; Just. 8, 5, 5; Cels. 5, 28, 14; Tac. A. 15, 1; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120.—

Strengthened by modo, and also joined with it in one word, tantummŏdo (freq. and class.;

whereas solummodo is only post-Aug., v. h. v.): homines populariter annum tantummodo solis, id est unius astri reditu metiuntur,

Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

ut tantummodo per stirpes alantur suas,

id. N. D. 2, 32, 81:

cum tantummodo potestatem gustandi feceris,

id. Rep. 2, 28, 51:

omnis ea judicatio versatur tantummodo in nomine,

id. ib. 4, 6, 6:

pedites tantummodo umeris ac summo pectore exstare (ut possent),

Caes. B. C. 1, 62:

velis tantummodo,

you have only to wish it, Hor. S. 1, 9, 54:

unum hoc tantummodo, neque praeterea quicquam, etc.,

Suet. Tib. 11 et saep.:

neque eum oratorem tantummodo, sed hominem non putant,

Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 52:

neque e silvis tantummodo promota castra, sed etiam... in campos delata acies,

Liv. 9, 37, 2:

Cn. Scipionem misit non ad tuendos tantummodo veteres socios, sed etiam ad pellendum Hispaniā Hasdrubalem,

id. 21, 32, 4; so,

non tantummodo... sed etiam,

Sen. Polyb. 15, 3; id. Ot. Sap. 3, 5; 5, 4; Front. Ep. ad Verr. p. 124:

non tantummodo... sed... quoque,

Vell. 2, 110, 5:

non tantummodo... verum etiam,

Aug. Ep. 162, 1; id. Grat. Christ. 14: non... tantum, with ellips. of sed, not only (but much more), Ov. Am. 1, 4, 63; cf.:

rem atrocem nec tantum epistulā dignam,

Plin. Ep. 3, 14; Juv. 1, 131.—

Particular phrases.

Tantum non, analog. to the Gr. monon ouk, to [p. 1842] point out an action as only not, i. e. very nearly, completed, almost, all but, very nearly (perh. not ante-Aug.; in Cic. Att. 14, 5, 2, Baiter reads tantummodo):

cum agger promotus ad urbem vineaeque tantum non jam injunctae moenibus essent,

Liv. 5, 7, 2:

tantum non jam captam Lacedaemonem esse,

id. 34, 40, 5:

tantum non ad portam bellum esse,

id. 25, 15, 1:

videt Romanos tantum non jam circumveniri a dextro cornu,

id. 37, 29, 9:

cum hostes tantum non arcessierint,

id. 4, 2, 12 Drak.:

tantum non adversis tempestatibus Rhodum enavigavit,

Suet. Tib. 11:

tantum non statim a funere,

id. ib. 52:

tantum non summam malorum suorum professus est,

id. ib. 66:

tantum non in ipso ejus consulatu,

id. Dom. 15 et saep.—But in many cases non belongs to the verb, and not to tantum:

tantum non cunctandum neque cessandum esse,

only there must be no delay, Liv. 35, 18, 8:

dictator bello ita gesto, ut tantum non defuisse fortunae videretur,

id. 4, 57, 8 Drak.; cf.:

ut qui per haec vicit, tantum non defuisse sibi advocatum sciat,

Quint. 6, 2, 4.—

Tantum quod, denoting immediate nearness in point of time, only, just, but just, just then, hardly, scarcely (class.):

tantum quod ex Arpinati veneram, cum mihi a te litterae redditae sunt,

Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 1:

tantum quod ultimam imposuerat Pannonico bello Caesar manum, cum, etc.,

Vell. 2, 117, 1:

haec cum scriberem, tantum quod existimabam ad te orationem esse perlatam,

Cic. Att. 15, 13, 7:

navis Alexandrina, quae tantum quod appulerat,

Suet. Aug. 98:

natus est XVIII. Cal. Jan. tantum quod oriente sole,

id. Ner. 6:

tantum quod pueritiam egresso,

id. Aug. 63:

dentem tantum quod exemptum,

id. Vesp. 5 (but in Liv. 22, 2, 9; 33, 4, 6; Amm. 27, 5, 4, the quod belongs not to tantum, but to the following verb):

tantum alone = tantum quod,

Verg. E. 6, 16. —

Tantum quod non, only that not, nothing is wanting but:

tantum quod hominem non nominat: causam quidem totam perscribit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116.

tantus, a, um, adj. [perh. for tavantus; cf. Sanscr. tāvant, so great; Gr. teôs, i. e. teWôs].

Of such size or measure, so great in amount, extent, value, degree, etc. (as some standard expressed or understood); usually with a foll. quantus, ut, qui, or absol.; rarely quam.

With [p. 1841] quantus:

nullam (contionem) umquam vidi tantam, quanta nunc vestrum est,

Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 18:

quae tanta sunt in hoc uno, quanta in omnibus reliquis imperatoribus,

id. Imp. Pomp. 11, 29:

est alienum tanto viro, quantus es tu, non posse, etc.,

id. ad Brut. 1, 9, 1:

tantam eorum multitudinem nostri interfecerunt, quantum fuit diei spatium,

Caes. B. G. 2, 11; cf.:

quamquam Demaden continua dicendi exercitatio potuerit tantum, quantuluscumque postea fuit, fecisse,

Quint. 2, 17, 12; Cic. Lael. 20, 74; Sall. C. 58, 2.—

With ut.

Denoting result or consequence; with subj.:

tanta erat operis firmitudo, ut, etc.,

Caes. B G 4, 17:

non fuit tantus homo Sex. Roscius in civitate, ut, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 43, 125;

unum hoc definio, tantam esse necessitatem virtutis... ut, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 1, 1:

quod ego tantum nefas commisi, ut hanc vicem saevitiae meae redderes?

Curt. 4, 10, 29:

quod tantum cogitavi nefas, ut dignior Philotas me videretur?

id. 6, 7, 30.—

Denoting comparison:

tantā modestiā dicto audiens fuit, ut si privatus esset,

Nep. Ages. 4, 2.—

With rel. qui, etc.:

cave putes aut mare ullum aut flammam esse tantam, quam non facilius sit sedare quam, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 42, 65:

statuerunt, tantum illud esse maleficium, quod, etc.,

id. Sull. 2, 7:

nulla est tanta vis, quae non ferro frangi possit,

id. Marcell. 3, 8.—

Without correlation (esp. freq. in exclamations, etc.) ita tanta mira in aedibus sunt facta, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 5:

tanta factis modo mira miris modis, etc.,

id. Cas. 3, 5, 5:

qui tantus natu deorum nescis nomina,

id. Bacch. 1, 2, 15:

neque solum in tantis rebus, sed etiam in mediocribus vel studiis vel officiis,

id. Rep. 1, 3, 4:

tantilla tanta verba funditat,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 61. hocine mihi ob labores tantos tantillum dari, id. Truc. 2, 6, 56:

ne tantae nationes conjugantur,

Caes. B. G. 3, 11:

onus,

id. ib. 2, 30 in tantis motionibus tantisque vicissitudinibus, tam multarum rerum atque tantarum ordinious, Cic. N D. 2, 5, 15:

non idem sentio tanta hac in re tamque immensa posse fieri,

id. de Or 2, 20, 84:

qui tantas et tam infinitas pecunias repudiarit,

id. Rosc. Com. 8, 24:

tot tantaque vitia,

id. Verr 1, 16, 47:

quae faceres in hominem tantum et talem,

id. Fam. 13, 66, 1; cf.:

conservare urbes tantas atque tales,

id. N. D. 3, 38, 92, so too, with talis, id. Fam. 15, 4, 14, id. Phil. 2, 29, 71:

tanta ista mala,

Sall. C. 40, 2;

Liv 31, 9: neque tanto tractu se colligit anguis,

Verg. G. 2, 154:

tantorum ingentia septem Terga boum,

id. A. 5, 404; Curt. 3, 1, 10; 3, 3, 28; 4, 1, 1:

sexcenta tanta reddam, si vivo, tibi,

six hundred times as much, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 111; so,

sexcenta tanta,

id. Ps. 2, 2, 37:

tribus tantis illi minus redit quam obseveris,

three times as much less, id. Trin. 2, 4, 129:

jam non quaero, unde tantam Melitensem vestem habueris,

such a great quantity of, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 183:

si in uno corpore tantarum rerum gubernationem mens humana possidet,

Lact. 1, 3, 21.—

With quam:

maria aspera juro, Non ullum pro me tantum cepisse timorem, Quam, etc.,

Verg. A. 6, 352 (cf. infra, B. 2.).—With a partit. gen.:

tantus ille ventorum,

Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 121 (dub.; Jahn, ventus).—

Esp. in phrase tantō ŏpĕre; freq. as one word, tantŏpĕre, so greatly, in so high a degree, so very, etc. (class. and freq.):

cur tanto opere extimueras?

Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 92, cf.:

si studia Graecorum vos tanto opere delectant,

Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30; Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 2; id. Ep. 1, 2, 31; Ter. And. 5, 2, 27; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 38; Caes. B. G. 7, 52; Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 21; id. Mur. 10, 23; id. de Or. 1, 35, 164 al.—In an inverted order:

mirum est, me, ut redeam, te opere tanto quaesere,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 1.—

Transf., so many ( = tot; mostly poet.):

tantae Coëunt in proelia gentes,

Val. Fl. 5, 636:

lamentabile tantis urbibus,

Stat. Th. 11, 160:

legatum valet in tantos quanti inveniantur,

Dig. 30, 1, 65.— Sing.:

numquam tanto se vulture caelum Induit,

Luc. 7, 834. —

tantum, so much, so many:

habere tantum molestiae quantum gloriae...ut tantum nobis, quantum ipsi superesse posset, remitteret,

Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

decutio argenti tantum, quantum mihi lubet,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 3, 4:

iis adposuit tantum, quod satis esset, nullo adparatu,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 91: tantum complectitur, quod satis sit modicae palaestrae, id. Leg. 2, 3, 6:

eo indito cumini fricti tantum, quod oleat,

Cato, R. R. 156, 3 (cf.: tantum quod, s. v. tantum, adv. B. 2. b.): Ch. Coactus reddidit ducentos et mille Philippum. Ni. Tantum debuit, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 38: nec tantum Karthago habuisset opum, Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 526 (1, 48, 3 B. and K.):

cum tantum belli in manibus esset,

Liv. 4, 57, 1:

sed quid hic tantum hominum incedunt?

Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 5:

tantum hostium intra muros est,

Liv. 3, 17, 4 et saep.:

sexies tantum, quam quantum satum sit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 43, § 102; cf.:

etiamsi alterum tantum perdundum est, perdam, etc.,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 81 (v. alter):

tantum... dum,

Liv. 27, 42, 12; cf.:

tantum modo... dum,

Sall. J. 53, 3: tantum abest, ut, etc. (v. absum). —

In colloquial lang.: tantum est, that is all, nothing more, etc.:

vos rogat, ut, etc. Tantum est. Valete,

Plaut. Trin. prol. 22; so id. Cas. prol. 87: Lo. Numquid amplius? Ly. Tantum est, id. Merc. 2, 2, 12; Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 26; id. Hec. 5, 3, 15.—

Gen. (of price) tanti:

tanti, quanti poscit, vin' tanti illam emi?

Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 22; cf.:

tanti est, quanti est fungus putidus,

it is worth as much as, is worth no more than, id. Bacch. 4, 7, 23:

frumentum tanti fuit, quanti iste aestimavit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194:

ubi me dixero dare tanti,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 49:

graviter increpuit, tanti habitare censorem,

in so costly a house, Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 3. —

Trop.: est tanti (alicui), to be worth so much; to be valued, prized, or esteemed so highly; to be of such consequence or importance:

tanti ejus apud se gratiam esse ostendit, uti, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20: tanti non fuit Arsacen capere, ut, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 1:

hoc tanti fuit vertere, ut, etc.,

Quint. 1, 6, 38: est mihi tanti, Quirites, hujus invidiae tempestatem subire, dummodo a vobis hujus belli periculum depellatur, it is worth this price to me, i. e. I esteem it a light thing, Cic. Cat. 2, 7, 15; cf.:

sed est tanti (sc.: invidiam istam mihi impendere), dummodo,

id. ib. 1, 9, 22:

etsi id quidem non tanti est, quam quod propter eosdem, etc.,

id. Mil. 22, 58:

juratus tibi possum dicere, nihil esse tanti, etc.,

id. Att. 2, 13, 2:

cum dicturis tanti suae non sint (actiones),

Quint. 12, 8, 4:

sunt o! sunt jurgia tanti,

Ov. M. 2, 424 et saep.—

Abl. (with comparatives) tantō, by so much, so much the:

quanto erat in dies gravior oppugnatio, tanto crebriores litterae nuntiique ad Caesarem mittebantur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 45; cf.:

quantum opere processerant, tanto aberant ab aquā longius,

id. B. C. 1, 81:

tanto major vis, quanto recentior,

Plin. 9, 38, 62, § 133:

reperietis quinquies tanto amplius istum quam quantum, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 97, § 225:

tantone minoris decumae venierunt quam fuerunt?

id. ib. 2, 3, 45, § 106 et saep.: bis tanto amici sunt inter se quam prius, twice as much, twice as good, dis tosôi, Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 62:

bis tanto pluris,

id. Men. 4, 3, 6:

ter tanto pejor,

id. Pers. 1, 3, 73:

multo tanto miserior,

id. Rud. 2, 6, 37:

si Cleomenes non tanto ante fugisset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 89:

post tanto,

Verg. G. 3, 476; Curt. 6, 7, 26.— Rarely with verbs denoting comparison:

tanto praestitit ceteros imperatores, quan to populus Romanus antecedit fortitudine cunctas nationes,

Nep. Hann. 1, 1; Ov. M. 13, 368; cf.:

doctrinis tanto antecessit condiscipulos, ut, etc.,

Nep. Epam. 2, 2.— Poet. with sup.:

tanto pessimus omnium poëta, Quanto tu optimus omnium patronus,

Cat. 49, 6.—

In colloquial lang.: tanto melior! so much the better! well done! good! excellent! bravo! etc.: To. Omnes sycophantias instruxi et comparavi, quo pacto ab lenone auferam hoc argentum. Sa. Tanto melior! Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 24; cf. Sen. Ep. 31;

so too: tanto melior,

Plaut. Truc. 5, 61; Phaedr. 3, 5, 3:

tanto hercle melior,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 38:

tanto major! tanto augustior!

how great! how noble! Plin. Pan. 71, 4:

tanto nequior!

so much the worse! that is bad! Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 12; cf. Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 84; so,

tanto miserior,

id. Stich. 5, 5, 8.—

In tantum, so far, so much, to such a degree, so greatly:

danti in tantum producenda notitia est muneris sui, in quantum delectatura est eum, cui datur,

Sen. Ben. 2, 23; Col. 12, 24, 1:

quaedam aquae fervent in tantum, ut non possint esse usui,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 24, 1: humum in tantum deprimere, donec altitudinis mensuram datam ceperit, Col. 3, 13, 9:

in tantum suam felicitatem virtutemque enituisse,

Liv. 22, 27.

Since tantus conveys only the idea of relative greatness, it may also be used (with a foll. ut) to denote a small amount, degree, extent, etc.; hence, of such a quantity or quality, such, so small, so slight or trivial; in the neutr., so little, so few (rare but class.):

ceterarum provinciarum vectigalia tanta sunt, ut iis ad ipsas provincias tutandas vix contenti esse possimus,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; id. Fam. 1, 7, 4: si bellum tantum erit, ut vos aut successores sustinere possint, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 3:

praesidii tantum est, ut ne murus quidem cingi possit,

Caes. B. G. 6, 35:

tantum navium,

id. B. C. 3, 2.—Hence, tantum, adv.

So much, so greatly, to such a degree, so:

tantum, quantum quis fuge,

as quickly as possible, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 94:

de quo tantum, quantum me amas, velim cogites,

Cic. Att. 12, 18, 1:

id tantum abest ab officio, ut, etc.,

so far, id. Off. 1, 14, 43:

rex tantum auctoritate ejus motus est, ut, etc.,

Nep. Con. 4, 1:

tantum progressus a castris, ut dimicaturum appareret,

Liv. 37, 39, 6:

tantumque ibi moratus, dum, etc.,

so long, id. 27, 42, 13:

tantum ad narrandum argumentum adest benignitas,

Plaut. Men. prol. 16:

ne miremini, quā ratione hic tantum apud istum libertus potuerit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, § 134:

nullo tantum se Mysia cultu Jactat,

Verg. G. 1, 102.—With adjj. (mostly poet.):

nec tantum dulcia, quantum Et liquida,

Verg. G. 4, 101:

juventus Non tantum Veneris quantum studiosa culinae,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 80:

tantum dissimilis,

id. ib. 2, 3, 313:

Marius quantum bello optimus, tantum pace pessimus,

Vell. 2, 11, 1.—